American Apparel - Essay free essay sample

An Analysis of Data On Rape Crimes

An Analysis of Data On Rape Crimes Presentation I will remark on the estimation of information and feature favorable circumstances and burdens of this information lastly and concoct suitable business moves that could be made and empower Russex constabulary to help organize their work. Techniques for information assortment Official insights are those distributed by the focal Government. This wellspring of factual data advises the overall population about the degree of notifiable offenses. Official insights are simple and modest to access as you can watch them on the Home Office website page. The second wellspring of measurable data originates from the British Crime Survey (BCS). These measurements are informal and the methodology used to assemble data are totally unique to the first, as the factual information originates from reviews did by the open themselves. The insights given depend on an enormous delegate test of the overall population about their encounters as casualties of family unit and individual wrongdoing. The BCS attempts to give a check of wrongdoing that comprises of scenes not answered to the police, in this way looking at the dull figure of wrongdoing which isn't recorded in legitimate insights. The British Crime Survey (BCS) is a huge arbitrary overview of private families, intended to give a tally of wrongdoing that incorporates occurrences not answered to the police, or those answered to them however not recorded. The fundamental BCS talk with happens up close and personal, with no sex coordinating of questioner and respondent. This setting isn't helpful for precisely estimating degrees of exceptionally close to home exploitation. Appraisals of the degree of sexual exploitation got by the principle BCS are recognized to be belittles Thusly, the overview presently utilizes Computer Assisted Self-Interviewing (CASI), whereby respondents entered their reactions into a PC. This strategy furnishes respondents with an expanded feeling of secrecy and limits questioner impacts. Respondents who addressed the self-fruition modules were directed through a progression of three screener questions, intended to recognize whether they had been a casualty of a sexual offense. On the off chance that they reacted decidedly to at least one of these, they at that point addressed a progression of follow-up questions, intended to evoke the specific idea of the last occurrence experienced. Information as an administration apparatus Information assortment is functional on the grounds that you can't oversee what you don't gauge. Insights from information empowers a police division to make shrewd decisions and helps them in conceivably recognizing office and procedural issues. Information assortment is additionally an incredible signal to the network, demonstrating law authorization has the ability to investigate forestall segregation. It additionally shows a genuine responsibility by law implementation to address network concerns and needs. Information assortment gives everybody something to work with despite the fact that it may be only a halfway arrangement. With required information assortment, officials will be compelled to consider what occurs during an experience and what they do and say and conceivably what parts ought to be taken a gander at closer. Information assortment give a premise to significant strategy changes. Measurable strategies Line Graph A line chart is generally helpful in showing information or data that changes consistently after some time. The model underneath shows the Rape of a female from 1993-2005/06 A portion of the qualities of line diagrams are that: They are acceptable at demonstrating explicit estimations of information, implying that given one variable the other can without much of a stretch be resolved. They show slants in information plainly, implying that they noticeably show how one variable is influenced by the different as it increments or diminishes. They empower the watcher to make expectations about the consequences of information not yet recorded. Tragically, it is conceivable to change the manner in which a line chart seems to make information look a specific way. This is finished by either not utilizing steady scales on the tomahawks, implying that the incentive in the middle of each point along the pivot may not be the equivalent, or when looking at two diagrams utilizing various scales for each. It is significant that we as a whole know about how charts can be made to look a specific way, when that probably won't be the manner in which the information truly is. Assault of a female Long-term national recorded wrongdoing pattern he pace of assaults on females during this period has drastically expanded (see above). Leah Williams from the Womens Resource Center expressed that there were 1,842 assaults announced in 1985, contrasted with 14,449 of every 2005. There might be a decent clarification for this pattern. Research by women's activist researchers Hanmer and Saunders (1984) refered to in Goodey (2005) found that ordinary truth of womens experiences of brutality by men were not uncovered in the BCS in light of the fact that the BCS isn't intended to uncover such data. In this manner the quantity of assaults on females might not have expanded during this period, however the quantity of reports to the police has expanded. This recommends assaults which may have happened earlier 1995 are just being accounted for to the police in the most recent decade. This might be because of the social development of the police evolving. There are more female officials now than already which makes assault casualties more r eady to converse with female officials than male officials. Society has additionally changed so as to give more casualty backing to assault casualties by building up assault communities for casualties. Nonetheless, Hough (2004) expressed in the Guardian paper that the BCS shows that the significant kinds of wrongdoing have fallen drastically since 1995, in any case, recorded wrongdoing has expanded. This expansion is because of the adjustment in the manner by which police tally wrongdoing. In 1998 it was concluded that casualty reports of violations will be recorded regardless of whether they are questioned. This might be an elective motivation to why there is an expansion in assault wrongdoings, as assault is difficult to record without adequate proof. Reservations over information How precise are the appraisals? Unreported assault may feel that the administration can't take care of business There are a few reasons why the BCS self-finish modules are probably going to belittle the genuine degree of sexual exploitation in England and Wales for ladies à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¢ general study mistakes related with reaction, examining and inclusion specifically, the BCS covers establishments, the destitute or ladies younger than 16, which prohibits some high hazard ladies à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¢ the wrongdoing setting of the BCS may prompt a few ladies not detailing occurrences they don't see as criminal, especially where the culprit is known à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¢ the screener question organization will reject ladies who don't relate to the specific wording utilized in the inquiries à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢ ¢ the BCS meet isn't constantly directed in private and the nearness of others in the room may repress divulgence, particularly if this incorporates the culprit of an assault. End activities and suggestions Sexual offense measurements could be improved by upgraded police strategies, and by having better offices to energize a more prominent ability of casualties to approach. The sexual wrongdoing decrease group are focused on handling sexual offenses and to giving the correct help to casualties. Better offices have been presented through the presentation of 13 rape referral focus the nation over. The Government need to make these multi office administrations for casualties accessible on a national premise, alongside an assault help line. Low detailing rates to the police especially happen in the region of assault, where the respondent may think that its humiliating or hard to discuss the assault. Notwithstanding, this issue is attempting to be countered out. PC helped self-talk with structures have been presented for issues, for example, sexual assaults. Indeed, even such a large amount of this territory of offenses is as yet missed as casualties should remain trying to claim ignorance, and keep the way that they have been a survivor of a rape inside their sub-cognizant, because of discovering it to excruciating to consider. Further pro preparing for sexual offense cases ought to be embraced by officials. Because of these administrations, casualties should feel progressively certain from the start that their case is treated with demonstrable skill and sympathy. Thus, it will improve theirs and others trust in the criminal equity framework. Eventually, this improved methodology should prompt additionally announcing, recording and along these lines increasingly reasonable measurements. Offer tips for assault anticipation. More extensive utilization of assault facilities, and attention to these.

Understanding Stages in Developmental Psychology

Understanding Stages in Developmental Psychology Theories Developmental Psychology Print Developmental Psychology By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 13, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on August 13, 2019 More in Theories Developmental Psychology Behavioral Psychology Cognitive Psychology Personality Psychology Social Psychology Biological Psychology Psychosocial Psychology In This Article Table of Contents Expand Overview Developmental Psychology Theories Developmental Psychologists Developmental Stages Developmental Disorder Diagnosis View All Back To Top People go through many changes over the course of their lives. Development describes the growth of humans throughout their lifespan, from conception to death. Psychologists strive to understand and explain how and why people change throughout life. While many of these changes are normal and expected, they can still pose challenges that people sometimes need extra assistance to manage. By understanding the process of normative development, professionals are better able to spot potential problems and provide early interventions that can result in better outcomes. Developmental psychologists can work with people of all ages to treat issues and support growth, although some choose to specialize in a specific area such as childhood, adulthood, or old age. What Is Developmental Psychology? Developmental psychology is the branch of psychology that focuses on how people grow and change over the course of a lifetime. Those who specialize in this field are not just concerned with the physical changes that occur as people grow; they also look at the social, emotional, and cognitive development that occurs throughout life. Some of the many issues that developmental psychologists may help patients deal with include: motor skill developmentlanguage acquisitionemotional developmentthe emergence of self-awareness and self-conceptcognitive development during childhood and throughout lifesocial and cultural influences on child developmentpersonality developmentmoral reasoningdevelopmental challenges and learning disabilities These professionals spend a great deal of time investigating and observing how these processes occur under normal circumstances, but they are also interested in learning about things that can disrupt developmental processes. By better understanding how and why people change and grow, developmental psychologists can help people live up to their full potential. Understanding the course of normal human development and recognizing potential problems early on is important, because untreated developmental problems may lead to difficulties with depression, low self-esteem, frustration, and low achievement in school. Developmental Psychology Theories Developmental psychologists often utilize a number of theories to think about different aspects of human development. For example, a psychologist assessing intellectual development in a child might consider Piagets theory of cognitive development, which outlined the key stages that children go through as they learn. A psychologist working with a child might also want to consider how the childs relationships with caregivers influences his or her behaviors, and so turn to Bowlbys theory of attachment. Psychologists are also interested in looking at how social relationships influence the development of both children and adults. Eriksons theory of psychosocial development and Vygotskys theory of sociocultural development are two popular theoretical frameworks that address the social influences on the developmental process. Each approach tends to stress different aspects of development such as mental, social, or parental influences on how children grow and progress. When You (or Your Child) Might Need a Developmental Psychologist While development tends to follow a fairly predictable pattern, there are times when things might go off course. Parents often focus on what are known as developmental milestones, which represent abilities that most children tend to display by a certain point in development. These typically focus on one of four different areas: physical, cognitive, social/emotional, and communication. For example, walking is one physical milestone that most children achieve sometime between the ages of 9 and 15 months. If a child is not walking or attempting to walk by 16 to 18 months, parents might consider consulting with their family physician to determine if a developmental issue might be present. While all children develop at different rates, when a child fails to meet certain milestones by a certain age, there may be cause for concern. By being aware of these milestones, parents can seek assistance and healthcare professionals can offer interventions that can help kids overcome developmental delays. These professionals often evaluate children to determine if a developmental delay might be present, or they might work with elderly patients who are facing health concerns associated with old age such as cognitive declines, physical struggles, emotional difficulties, or degenerative brain disorders. Developmental psychologists can provide support to individuals at all points of life who may be facing developmental issues or problems related to aging. Concerns at Different Stages of Development As you might imagine, developmental psychologists often break down development according to various phases of life. Each of these periods of development represents a time when different milestones are typically achieved. People may face particular challenges at each point, and developmental psychologists can often help people who might be struggling with problems to get back on track. Prenatal: The prenatal period is of interest to developmental psychologists who seek to understand how the earliest influences on development can impact later growth during childhood. Psychologists may look at how primary reflexes emerge before birth, how fetuses respond to stimuli in the womb and the sensations and perceptions that fetuses are capable of detecting prior to birth. Developmental psychologists may also look at potential problems such as Down syndrome, maternal drug use, and inherited diseases that might have an impact on the course of future development. Early Childhood: The period from infancy through early childhood is a time of remarkable growth and change. Developmental psychologists look at things such as the physical, cognitive, and emotional growth that takes place during this critical period of development. In addition to providing interventions for potential developmental problems at this point, psychologists are also focused on helping kids achieve their full potential. Parents and healthcare experts are often on the lookout to ensure that kids are growing properly, receiving adequate nutrition, and achieving cognitive milestones appropriate for their age. Middle Childhood: This period of development is marked by both physical maturation and the increased importance of social influences as children make their way through elementary school. Kids begin to make their mark on the world as they form friendships, gain competency through schoolwork, and continue to build their unique sense of self. Parents may seek the assistance of a developmental psychologist to help kids deal with potential problems that might arise at this age including social, emotional, and mental health issues. Adolescence: The teenage years are often the subject of considerable interest as children experience the psychological turmoil and transition that often accompanies this period of development. Psychologists such as Erik Erikson were especially interested in looking at how navigating this period leads to identity formation. At this age, kids often test limits and explore new identities as they explore the question of who they are and who they want to be. Developmental psychologists can help support teens as they deal with some of the challenging issues unique to the adolescent period including puberty, emotional turmoil, and social pressure. Early Adulthood: This period of life is often marked by forming and maintaining relationships. Forming bonds, intimacy, close friendships, and starting a family are often critical milestones during early adulthood. Those who can build and sustain such relationships tend to experience connectedness and social support while those who struggle with such relationships may be left feeling alienated and lonely. People facing such issues might seek the assistance of a developmental psychologist in order to build healthier relationships and combat emotional difficulties. Middle Adulthood: This stage of life tends to center on developing a sense of purpose and contributing to society. Erikson described this as the conflict between generativity and stagnation. Those who engage in the world, contribute things that will outlast them, and leave a mark on the next generation emerge with a sense of purpose. Activities such as careers, families, group memberships, and community involvement are all things that can contribute to this feeling of generativity. Old Age: The senior years are often viewed as a period of poor health, yet many older adults are capable of remaining active and busy well into their 80s and 90s. Increased health concerns mark this period of development, and some individuals may experience mental declines related to dementia. Erikson also viewed the elder years as a time of reflection back on life. Those who are able to look back and see a life well lived emerge with a sense of wisdom and readiness to face the end of their lives, while those who look back with regret may be left with feelings of bitterness and despair. Developmental psychologists may work with elderly patients to help them cope with issues related to the aging process. Diagnosis of a Developmental Issue To determine if a developmental problem is present, a psychologist or other highly trained professional may administer either a developmental screening or evaluation. For children, such an evaluation typically involves interviews with parents and other caregivers to learn about behaviors they may have observed, a review of a childs medical history, and standardized testing to measure functioning in terms of communication, social/emotional skills, physical/motor development, and cognitive skills. If a problem is found to be present, the patient may then be referred to a specialist such as a speech-language pathologist, physical therapist, or occupational therapist. A Word From Verywell Receiving a diagnosis of a developmental issue can often feel both confusing and frightening, particularly when it is your child who is affected. Once you or your loved one has received a diagnosis of a developmental issue, spend some time learning as much as you can about the diagnosis and available treatments. Prepare a list of questions and concerns you may have and discuss these issues with your doctor, developmental psychologist, and other healthcare professionals who may be part of the treatment team. By taking an active role in the process, you will feel better informed and equipped to tackle the next steps in the treatment process.

Biology Prefixes and Suffixes blast-, -blast

The affix (blast) refers to an immature stage of development in a cell or tissue, such as a bud or germ cell. Prefix blast- Blastema (blast-ema): precursor cell mass that develops into an organ or part. In asexual reproduction, these cells may develop into a new individual. Blastobacter (blasto-bacter): a genus of aquatic  bacteria that reproduce by budding. Blastocoel (blasto-coel): a cavity containing fluid found in a blastocyst (developing fertilized egg). This cavity is formed in the early stages of embryonic development. Blastocyst (blasto-cyst): developing fertilized egg in mammals that undergoes multiple mitotic cell divisions and becomes implanted in the uterus. Blastoderm (blasto-derm): layer of cells that surround the blastocoel of a blastocyst. Blastoma (blast-oma): type of cancer that develop in germ cells or blast cells. Blastomere (blast-omere): any cell resulting from the cell division or cleavage process that occurs following the fertilization of a female sex cell (egg cell). Blastopore (blasto-pore): an opening that occurs in a developing embryo that forms the mouth in some organisms and the anus in others. Blastula (blast-ula): an embryo in an early stage of development in which the blastoderm and blastocoel are formed. The blastula is called a blastocyst in mammalian embryogenesis. Suffix -blast Ameloblast (amelo-blast): precursor cell involved in the formation of tooth enamel. Embryoblast (embryo-blast): inner cell mass of a blastocyst containing embryionic stem cells. Epiblast (epi-blast): the outer layer of a blastula prior to the formation of germ layers. Erythroblast (erythro-blast): immature nucleus-containing cell found in bone marrow that forms erythrocytes (red blood cells). Fibroblast (fibro-blast): immature connective tissue cells that form protein fibers from which collagen and various other connective tissue structures are formed. Megaloblast (megalo-blast): abnormally large erythroblast that typically results from anemia or vitamin deficiency. Myeloblast (myelo-blast): immature white blood cell that differentiates into immune cells called granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils). Neuroblast (neuro-blast): immature cell from which neurons and nervous tissue are derived. Osteoblast (osteo-blast): immature cell from which bone is derived. Trophoblast (tropho-blast): outer cell layer of a blastocyst that attaches the fertilized egg to the uterus and later develops into the placenta. The trophoblast provides nutrients for the developing embryo.

Andy Warhol the “Founder and a Major Figure of the Pop Art...

Andy Warhol Andrew Warhola is considered to be the â€Å"founder and a major figure of the pop art movement†. He was born in Pittsburgh Pennsylvania in 1928. He graduated from the Carnegie Institute of Technology, where he majored in pictorial design. He worked as an illustrator in many magazines including Vogue, Harpers Bazaar and the New Yorker, but, his big break was in 1949, when he illustrated for Glamour Magazine. Andy Warhol was born with the name Andrew Warhola, he dropped the â€Å"a† when his credit for his drawing read, â€Å"Drawings by Andy Warhol†. Warhol was obsessed by ambition to become famous and wealthy, and he knew the only was to achieve this was with hard work. In the 1950s, he moved to a place on East 75th Street, his mother†¦show more content†¦In 1976 he did he Skulls, and Hammer, and Sickle series. On February 22, 1987, a â€Å"day of medical infamy†, quoted by a biographer, Andy Warhol died. Although the bullets didn’t kill him, his own gall bladder did. He died after a routine gall bladder surgery, he was 58 years old. After his burial in Pittsburgh, his friends and associates organized a memorial mass at St. Patricks Cathedral in New York that was attended by more than 2,000 people. In 1989, The Museum of Modern Art in New York had a major respective of his work. And, In May of 1994, The Andy Warhol Museum opened in Pittsburgh. Bibliography http://www.warholfoundation.org/ Biography by Martin Cribbs, Licensing Director. http://www.warhols.com/bio.html Jennifer Johnson 418 West 15th street New York, N.Y. 10011 Warhol, Andy; Ted Yanak and Pam Cornelison The Great American History Fact-FinderShow MoreRelatedHumanism : A Progressive Philosophy Of Life1128 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent challenges than Andy Warhol to get his name accredited into the art community in the late 1900s. Basquiat was an American artist born in Brooklyn, New York. He was born to a Haitian father and a Puerto Rican mother. Do you really believe that Basquiat got the same resources, opportunities, and acclaim as Andy Warhol who was the product of immigrants from Slovakia? Although both artist are not from the U.S. and are presented as a minority group in the 1900s, Warhol on site passes off as aRead MoreAmerican Pop Art Essay2717 Words   |  11 Pagesiconographic features of American Pop Art. Centre your discussion on one or two examples each of the work of the following artists: Andy Warhol, Claes Oldenburg, Roy Lichtenstein, Tom Wesselmann, James Rosenquist. Pop Art is one of the major art movements of the Twentieth Century. Characterized by themes and techniques drawn from mass culture such as advertising and comic books, pop art is widely interpreted as a reaction to the ideas of abstract expressionism which preceded Pop in the late 1940s and earlyRead MoreJazz Albums as Art Essay4662 Words   |  19 PagesJazz Albums as Art In the Process of Completing Research for This Issue, I Realized That What I Want to Say May Be Divided into Two Sections. Part One Surveys the General Topic of Album Art; Part Two (Outlined in the Accompanying Sidebar) Considers the Conspicuous Absence of Black Artists from the Process of Designing Jazz Packages: Covers, Liner Notes Etc. This Second Part Will Be Published in an Upcoming Issue.--R.G.OM. The enclosed portfolio of album cover art springs from my ongoingRead MoreEssay about Summary of History of Graphic Design by Meggs14945 Words   |  60 PagesRosetta Stone, which was created in 196 or 197 BC, contains writing in Egyptian Hieroglyphics, Egyptian Demotic Script, and Greek. The major deciphering of the stone was done by Jean-Francois Champollion. - As hieroglyphics presented more opportunities than cuneiform, the language was used for commercial documents, poetry, myths, etc†¦ - Papyrus paper was a major step forward in Egyptian visual communication. - The Egyptians were the first people to produce illustrated manuscripts in which words

Transitions in lifespan Development Free Essays

string(96) " colleges and universities don’t give time to train teachers in regards to special needs\." The objectives of this case study are; a) to develop a better understanding of Aspirer syndrome, b) to identify the role of the unit in assisting the students in their education and personal development and finally, c) to investigate how integrated are students with Speaker’s in main stream schooling. Case Study As a secondary school teacher for the past five years in a mainstream school the aim f this case study was to gain a deeper understanding of how Special Needs Assistants help students with Speakers, as well as investigating how included these students are in our educational system. During the initial stages of planning the research, both qualitative and quantitative approaches were considered. We will write a custom essay sample on Transitions in lifespan Development or any similar topic only for you Order Now Firstly, the use of survey questionnaires was considered to study teachers’ perception of their role in educating students with special needs as well as measuring the experience of students with special needs in mainstream schooling. However, the nature of the search questions involved a lot of ethical considerations and the time scale available was not sufficient to address for the purpose of this assignment. Due to the fact that the unit currently catered for two students with Speaker’s syndrome a qualitative approach was more appropriate for this research study. The unit in which the research took place is situated in a community college in North Dublin, where the socio-economic profile ranges from working to middle class. There are three Special Needs Assistants currently working in the unit and the unit caters for six full time students with autism and two students with Speakers. The students with Speakers spend the majority of their time in mainstream education but come to the unit if exempt from certain subjects and on a needs basis. For example, if there had been difficulties with behavior or the student required time out for themselves. It was for these reasons that it provided the ideal setting needed to investigate the research questions posed by the author. In the initial visit it was clear to the author that the unit was differed in it’s lay out and atmosphere too normal class room. The unit was very bright, airy and spacious, as opposed to rows of tables and chairs there ere little working areas. Each of the students had their own working space and computer. The unit also had an art area, kitchen, common room, office and a sensory room. It was immediately sensed by the author that overall it was very relaxed area and the students themselves were very content and calm. The layout of the unit helped to create such an atmosphere giving the students the opportunity to sit at their own workspaces and listen to music if they became agitated. The author was hugely interested in the sensory room especially built for the two students with Speakers. There are frequently sensory issues with those with Speakers meaning that they can have a heightened sense of smell, taste, or sound. Their senses are often hyper-acute resulting in an over-reaction to ordinary sounds such as fluorescent lights, fans, and other electrical appliances. Thus, things that might be annoying for the average person can be amplified and uncomfortable to the person with Speakers. The aim of the sensory room was to help the students with this hyperactivity of their senses. Also the room was used as a space for them to withdraw if they had being involved in a highly stressful situation for example argument with teacher or another student. Over-reaction to situations is common occurrence for students with Speakers. Therefore, â€Å"time out† is an essential coping mechanism for students with Speakers. Results from eleven studies published from 1989 to 2003 indicated that those students with disabilities, both visible and non-visible, experience bullying more than their non-disabled educational peers and that boys were bullied more often than girls (Adkins, 1996; Memory Hillier (1989). Both students with Speakers involved in this case study were themselves victims of bullying. John (student one) was recently a victim of bullying and as a consequence was now suffering from very low self esteem. The Special Needs Assistants were working with John, rebuilding his self esteem and helping to create new friendships. In order to accomplish this, the Special Needs Assistants organized that John would learn how to make a pizza and have John invite some students in his class to have a pizza party. San (student two) experienced bullying within the classroom. San has great difficulty differentiating between appropriate and inappropriate social responses. He has learned to be argumentative and aggressive which has caused some problems for him in school. SNan’s behavior made him the perfect target for bullying where other students would provoke him within the class causing him to lash out at teachers and at students. The teachers felt that San was the culprit and causing hassle and was often removed from the classroom. Clare his Special Needs Assistant is helping him to identify different approaches to certain scenarios’ he may encounter in the school environment. She uses teaching material which looks at recognizing SNan’s feelings ND improving his social skills. The Special Needs Assistants in the unit are all in agreement that their role is to develop the students social and life skills. Clare highlighted some of the characteristics of the syndrome which include ‘poor choice of words when speaking, motor clumsiness, non-verbal communication and social interaction which is the most noticeable difficulty. Clare stressed that these impairments in social interaction work strongly against people with the syndrome. Therefore, it is important that this area in particular is worked on with the students. While great work is being carried out with the students it can sometimes be difficult for the Special Needs Assistants. While they work on strategies to help San and Johns’ behavior in the classroom it can be frustrating as cooperation from colleagues doesn’t come easy at times. Clare feels this is partially due to the fact that teacher training colleges and universities don’t give time to train teachers in regards to special needs. You read "Transitions in lifespan Development" in category "Papers" Also Special Needs Assistants are seen as a quick fix for students with special needs. But it can often lead to isolation rather than inclusion for the students. Analyses theoretical aspects One of the most striking aspects of the above case study is the huge impact the lack of social skills has on those students with Speakers, as they can be excluded by other students in a school environment. One of the most significant problems is their difficulty understanding the thoughts and feelings of others, since empathic imagination is lacking (Convict, Dizzied, Hastens, Rogers, Wolf, 2007). In addition, their brains work differently more effort is required to be in a relationship than for neurological people. As expert Tony Attwood points out, â€Å"Conventional social occasions can last too long for someone with Speaker’s syndrome, especially as social success is achieved by intellectual effort rather than natural intuition. Socializing is exhausting,† (2007, p. 91). So the desire to be social and the difficulties involved with being social are often at odds, creating an uncomfortable dilemma that requires understanding and patience from others. They often behave in unattractive ways to others, leading to repeated rejection and ridicule (Gauss, 2007). Bullying is also common (at least 4 times the rate reported by neurotically from 4-17 years old), nice those with Speakers tend to have a trusting nature along with the inability to predict the thoughts of others (Attwood, 2007). As a result, there is often a lack of adequate social support resulting in a sense of isolation, which has such clinical repercussions as depression and anxiety (Gaudiness, 2005). Speakers display varying degrees of international dysfunction in that some may suffer greatly and be noticed for it while others â€Å"pass† as normal (Standard, 2004). Some examples of unspoken social rule errors those with Speakers make include speaking too loudly in inappropriate situations, cutting ahead of lines, interrupting invitations, failing to notice social cues such as when someone wants to leave or finish a conversation, taking innocent Jokes as serious criticisms, and taking Jokes too literally so that the punch line is not responded to in the desired manner (Gauss). Sensory integration problems that are common in Speakers can make â€Å"touching and physical closeness uncomfortable or even painful† (Love, 2005, p. 199). Unaware individuals may touch or hug a person with Speakers, unwittingly putting him or her in the awkward position of wanting to avoid that person yet still seeming interested in being social. As seen with the case study, the lack of social skills can cause those individuals with Speakers to be Judged negatively by others with higher expectations for their functioning, such as parents or teachers. According to Love (2005, p. 72), â€Å"There is research that shows that autism spectrum disorders do seem to cause many people to live in a state of hyper-arousal – a sort of preparing state that can be very debilitating. † Thus, those with Speakers need more time to rest, recuperate and become refreshed between activities causing difficulties in cases where regular work schedules are demanded. In addition, sensor y issues like problems tolerating the light wavelengths and intensity of fluorescent lights, which are common in workplaces of all kinds, may interfere with comfort and performance at work (Attwood, 2007). L have spent my life trying to find a place for him in our educational system. It must be appreciated how different children with autism are from each other and no one recipe will work for all children simply because they have a diagnosis of autism/Speaker’s † (The Educational Provision and Support for Persons with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Report of the Task Force on Autism 2001). Another issue highlighted from the case study was the inclusion of students with Speakers in main stream schooling. Due to the fact that many students with Speakers have proficient verbal expression skills and an overall IQ within the normal or above normal often mask outstanding deficiencies observed primarily in socially demanding situations, thus decreasing other people’s perception of their very salient needs for supportive intervention (Kiln and Palomar, 2000. P. 342). ‘Inclusive Education’ and ‘mainstreaming’ promote the ideal of equality of opportunity, acceptance, belonging and social inclusion by roving choice and quality of support. The Education for Persons with Special Educational Needs (EPEES) Act (2004), considers home, school and community sources of information about children with special needs. All can provide perspectives to implement programmer and strategies that can help the needs of a child with Speakers. However, this collaborative approach can have its difficulties, for example the diagnosis of an autistic spectrum disorder is a stressful and significant event in the lives of families. Such a diagnosis often follows years of uncertainty where parents struggle to cope tit their child’s ‘difference’ and try to rationalism behavior that is unusual, unmanageable and often unresponsive to parental controls. In Ireland, diagnosis of autistic spectrum disorders remains problematic, with significant delays being the norm in many instances (The Educational Provision and Support for Persons with Autistic Spectrum Disorders: Report of the Task Force on Autism 2001). Also a label can be incredibly systematizing for an individual, and some interpret this dark mark as a message that society has given up on him or her, which may lead to learned lifelessness and giving up on one’s self too (Standard, 2004). Another issue of inclusion for students with Speakers is that inclusion can be left to the discretion of the individual teacher. In a study of provision for pupils with special educational needs by the European Agency for Development in Special Needs Education (1998) it was indicated that the main areas of concern that emerged were teacher training, teachers’ attitudes, and the less developed nature of second-level systems in dealing with special educational needs. If inclusion is to be affective the Task Force considers he legal obligation on all schools to submit a Whole School Plan which includes a description of how the school plans to include students with special needs in the mainstream, as an important feature of department policy. Conclusion As seen from the case study improving social skills is important to the development of students with Speakers. Counseling can provide an environment to work on such skills, one such technique is Cognitive behavior therapy (CB). CB teaches people to monitor their own thoughts and perceptions with the hopes that they will become more aware of their interpretive errors. Psychotherapy is becoming more widely perceived as a viable treatment modality for individuals with Speakers (Attwood, 2007; Jacobsen, 2003) and some authors have recommended the use of cognitive- behavioral therapy (Attwood, 1998, 2004, 2006; Gauss, 2007; Hare paten, 1997). CB can help people with Speakers learn to re-conceptualize social interactions and become more able to more accurately â€Å"read† the behavior of others. Once they understand others’ motives they can more easily monitor their own behavior and adjust their responses to other people and situations. It is quiet evident that living tit Speakers poses many obstacles. These obstacles have implications for the individual’s personal life, physical well-being and employment. As a Career Guidance and Counselor it is vital to provide appropriate and effective supports and accommodations to students with Speakers. While counseling might be seen to be helpful for students with Speakers, it is vital to acknowledge that they may not have the ability to recognize problems they may be experiencing especially emotions. Therefore, it would be critical to work on the client/counselor relationship in the initial stages. Counselors are able to develop positive relationships with clients when they possess the personal qualities of Warmth, sincerity, congruence, understanding, acceptance, concern, openness, respect for the client and the willingness to be challenged by others’ (Corey, G, 2008 IPPP). These characteristics pave the way for counselors to develop positive therapeutic relationships with students, which would be vital to students with Speakers which sometimes are excluded by society. References Attwood, T. (1998). Speaker’s syndrome: A guide for parents and professionals. London: Jessica Kinsley Publishers. How to cite Transitions in lifespan Development, Papers

Julius Caesar Essays (918 words) - Ancient Rome, 1st Millennium BC

Julius Caesar Julius Caesar Act I: The play opens with a little word play between Flavius, Marullus, and a few workers. The workers are on their way to see Julius Caesar who has recently returned from his victorious battle against Pompey. The reader immediately sees the dislike the tribunes have towards Caesar. However, the commoners seem to love Caesar. The scene moves to a large gathering where Caesar is the focus. As Caesar converses with Mark Antony, we learn that Caesar is superstitious. The belief in the supernatural and the forces of nature are very prevalent in the play, and Caesar's comment is but one example. To keep with the idea of the supernatural, a soothsayer speaks, warning Caesar to beware the Ides of March. He acts as though he is not concerned. After the exchange with the soothsayer, Caesar is offered the crown three times and refuses each time, even though the people are cheering for him to accept the empororship. At the same time, Cassius is trying to convince Brutus that Caesar is too ambitious and should be killed before being allowed to rule the Roman Empire. Brutus, always seeking to do what is right, says that he will not betray his honor and loyalty to Rome. That evening, there are strange and unusual natural occurrences--the weather is very strange and violent and fire falls from the sky. Most of the people believe that the weather is a bad omen, but Cassius disagrees. He uses the unusual weather to reason that it is only for evil men (such as Caesar) who need to be afraid. The plotting against Caesar continues. Act II: Brutus is convinced by Cassius that it is for the good of Rome that Caesar be killed. Some of the other conspirators want to kill friends of Caesar's, but Brutus feels that it is not necessary to kill anyone else. Only the person responsible for the downfall of Rome should perish according to Brutus. Caesar is contemplating on whether he should remain home during the Ides of March (which is March 15th). Calphurinia, Caesar's wife, tells Caesar of the horrible dream she had about his death and that the strange occurrences the night before are a prelude of his death. He agrees to stay until Decius, a conspirator, tells him her dreams were not of his death, but of him saving Rome. Thus Caesar leaves for the Senate despite his wife's pleas. Meanwhile, Artemidorus waits in the streets of Rome for Caesar to pass so he can give him a note warning Caesar of the conspiracy. Act III: Attempts are made to warn Caesar of the plot to kill him, but none are successful. Caesar is murdered in the Senate House. Brutus keeps the others from killing anyone else and they all believe that their deed will be celebrated throughout the ages. Antony enters and pretends that he agrees with the conspirators actions and is granted permission to speak at Caesar's funeral. Brutus speaks first at the funeral to explain their reasons for killing Caesar. The people seem to accept his explanation and then Antony speaks. Throughout his speech, Antony never really says anything bad about Brutus and the others, but he talks about Caesar being such a great and noble man willing to sacrifice all for his people. The listeners become angry and a mob runs through the streets in search of the conspirators; they even kill a man because he had the same name as one of the conspirators. Act IV: Battle plans are being made as well as a list of people supportive of Brutus and the conspirators. These people are to be killed. Octavius and Antony methodically pick people (even family members) who are to be executed. This next part somewhat confused me. Brutus and Cassius are arguing with each other because Brutus would not pardon a friend of Cassius caught accepting bribes. It is almost as if Brutus is mad at Cassius for convincing him to kill Caesar and uses this to vent his anger. I'm not really sure if this is true, so don't take it as gospel. Then they make up saying they weren't really in there right minds. As if