Comparing Katharina, of The Taming of the Shrew and Beatrice of Much Ad

Comparing Shakespeargons Katharina, of The Taming of the Shrew and Beatrice, of Much Ado About NothingShakespeares Katharina, of The Taming of the Shrew and Beatrice, of Much Ado About Nothing, are very similar characters. Each is plagued with unrequited love, and depressed by their inability to woo the suitor of their choosing. Neither will accept the passive female affair expected by society. Yet, both women see to accept their role as wife by the conclusion. Upon further examination, one will find that Beatrice is a practically more complex character. One would have to agree with the critic who said, Katharina is a character sketched in bold, rapid stokes, with none of Beatrices sophistication, verbal brilliance, or emotional depth. In Taming of the Shrew, the first introduction to Katharina, by Gremio and Hortensio, tells that she is a shrew, (1.I .54-60) and that she will never find a groom. When she first speaks we see her responding to these insults, but she was provoked s o her words seem appropriate. Yet as the play continues we see Katharina tying up Bianca, (2.I.29) and hitting her. This can be rejected as sibling rivalry, but later Katharina slaps Petruchio when he is trying to woo her (2.I.214). Katharina seems to have a physically violent side that isnt present in Beatrice. She also does not seem to have as pie-eyed as a character as Beatrice, especially when one considers that Petruchio was able to tame her in a very short time. In the opening moving-picture show of Much Ado About Nothing, Beatrice says some harsh things about Benedick (1.I.37-43). She seems to be unprovoked but very rigid in her opinion of him. In Leonatos house, the discussion of Beatrice and marriage leads her uncle to conclude that, Thou... ...y is important. But the most important thing to note is that the weaker of the two did change her attitudes, beliefs and actions in order to become a cleanse wife for her husband. Both women seem to be happy as do the men and lik e most conclusions of Shakespeares plays, all the loose ends are tied up. work Cited and ConsultedBarton, Anne. Introduction. Much Ado About Nothing. The Riverside Shakespeare, 2nd ed. Boston Houghton Mifflin Co., 1997. 361-365. Dash, Irene G. Wooing, Wedding, and Power Women in Shakespeare Plays. The Critical Perspective Volume 2. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York Chelsea House Publishers, 1986. 825-833.Shakespeare, William. The Taming of the Shrew. Logan, IA The Perfection build Company, 1996.Shakespeare, William Much Ado About Nothing Washington Square Press New York, NY New Folger Edition May 1995

Robert Bells 10 Ordeals of a Takeover :: Essays Papers

Robert Bells 10 trial by ordeals of a Take overCompanies often face the possibility of being taken over. During the take over many events within the to each one of the companies will arise. Some examples would be, employees would fear the loss of their job because the other company might not have any use for your position rumors will incite spreading ab a steering the merger or takeover that may have been started by individuals who leaked the news many other events will also arise. In the give Surviving the 10 ordeals of a takeover by Robert Bell, ascertains at ways that an individual can cope with the takeover of your company or if your company takes over another company. Robert Bell breaks down the 10 major ordeals that a person might face.The First Ordeal The Niagara of Rumors, is something that almost everyone will face and that is once the enunciate on an impending takeover gets out, the cascade of rumors is the major thing that happens inside executive offices. All r umors ar started by operations on Wall Street. The rumors argon started because fear and greed become visible. The fear that one might lose their job or the greed that there might be an opportunity lurking out somewhere. There are many ways we can deal with rumors and a few suggestions are (1) Dont trust anyone or anything for face cheer (2) Listen to the existing grapevine and cultivate contacts from cleaning people to former executives from your company (3) Always ask people on the outside of your company whether theyve comprehend anything contrary to what you have been told inside the company (3) Be very suspicious of official pronouncements, no matter how reliable theyve been in the past (4) Always look for another position. Rather than spending too much time rumoring, use the time to get your resume together an build contacts on the outside.The Second Ordeal Who are these guys? While rumors are roaring in your ear, you may now be desperate to know one thing and that is w ho are these people who are taking over? Everyone will have that curiosity. The reasons people will wonder about the new people is because it will affect them in some way in the future. There are many things a person can do to find out about what

Educating Rita :: English Literature

Educating Rita.In the play Educating Rita by Willy Russell we are lead to believethat in the first few scenes Rita and outspoken keep back nothing in common. Weassume this on a few small things like the way Rita talks. She is avery out going shell who talks like a commoner. youd better getthat bleadin deceasele fixed. She hair dresses in a shop and is nothappy with the position she is in. She does not have much interest inhair dressing and it does not feel that it is good enough for her. Shecould do much better. Frank on the other hand is a lecturer at theOpen University. He has a bad alcohol problem and only works there toget money for the booze. From what we realize he is not a very goodlecturer and is not really all that interested in the job, just themoney. He talks not in a posh accent but a smart middle class. Ritaperceives her job as a working class hairdresser to be a job that onlythe lowest of the lowest would do. It is an unsatisfactory job thatdoes not for fill her dr eam of being a middle class woman. She has the potentiality to go for what it is that she wants and luckily she knowsyou to motivate her self to do so. Neither firedog nor Rita is reallyinterested in there jobs. They some(prenominal) just do it for the money. This iswhen we tick that they do have something and common they share thesame out looks of there jobs.At the beginning of the play we hear frank talking-to his girlfriendJulia on the phone. She is kick that he will not be home intime for diner and he is complaining that he wants to go down the pub.This is when we realise that frank is in an unstable relationship withhis girlfriend. Due to Ritas nosey personality we find out that Frankwas one married but has split up from his wife. When Rita asks wherefore hecomments it was because of literature. When really it was because ofhis drinking problem, if he is not careful the same thing will happento him again. Rita finds out that frank use to preserve poetry and thisis why him and his wife split up (or so frank says) Rita then realisesthat she and frank have another thing in common they both have rockyrelationships. Unfortunately Ritas husband Denny has other ideasabout what Rita should do with her life.

Just Another Day at the Office :: English Literature Essays

Just Another Day at the OfficePersonal computer (pc) repair technicians and doctors have a lot in common. Patients arrive at the doctors door bearing all manner of complaints or problems. I am sure doctors have seen and heard ab prohibited every vitrine of ignorant stunt a person can think of or do. My name is Skeeter Jones, and I have been a pc repair technician for approximately cardinal years. Like a doctor, I thought I had seen and heard of every crazy stunt imaginable until I received a call from Headaches, merged about a computer crash. When I arrived at the job site, Lola and Chase, the office and terminal managers, greeted me. Boy Are we ever glad to see you, they both cried in unison, We have completely screwed up the computer. Well, show me the computer that is down while you itemize me what happened, I replied. Linda, Lolas co-worker, told us upgrading our computer system from Windows 95 to 98 would be easy for us to do ourselves. All we had to do was purchase the Wind ows 98 upgrade compact disc (CD), Chase said. Except, we could not find the CD. Lola chimed in, We picked out this CD instead. The salesman at Office Depot said, It would work just as well to upgrade our system. I looked down at the box she was holding in her hands. The words Windows 2000 Upgrade stared back at me in big, white letters. I just stood there for a minute shaking my head, and I silently groaned to myself. Oh paragon How could anybody be that stupid, I thought. With an audible sigh, I said aloud, Let me run a few diagnostic tests. I will be able to tell you how much damage has occurred in a couple of minutes. I started with the basic stuff like making sure the computer would boot up. Then, I progressed storey by layer to the heart of the system. The tests took me nearly three hours to complete. As I dug deeper and deeper into the computer, I was utterly amazed at how much damage they had wreaked in such a short amount of time and with only an upgrade software kit. Well guys, it looks as if you have managed to confuse the hell out of this computer, I told them, You have two different types of file systems on it now.

Computers in the Classroom :: Technology School Essays

Computers in the Classroom Over the past decade the realness has moved from a place with little digital technology to whiz where computers, video, and technology are hold everyday. The use of this technology can not be ignored even in the classroom. It is impossible to live in o9ur world today without exposure to computers. As t individuallyers it is part of our jobs to expose students to use computers at an early age and to incorporate technology into our lessons. During the middle schooldays years using computers are a great way to get students excited about learning. It has even become mandatory as one of the NCTM (National Council for Teachers of Mathematics) standards. The technology principle states that technology helps students to fully understand mathematical concepts (Principles 25). They are great tools for any type of learner. The hands on experience helps the students to remember the concepts because they have something visual to reference (i mpact). The NCTM standards states, technology is essential in teaching and learning mathematics it influences the mathematics that is taught and enhances students learning (Principles 25). As suggested, technology should not replace the traditional teaching strategies, but or else enhance them (impact). Many of the students know how to use the computers for fun things such as talking to their friends, playing games, and surfing the internet. However, few students know that computers can be used for educational things both inside and outside of the classroom. In math there are many ways to use computers in the classroom. One way to use computers in the classroom is by using online math games and manipulatives to help teach and review. In the class I am working with at Dunn Middle school they use games to help reinforce the lesson and to review for a test. During one review session before a test the students got into three groups one at each computer. They then logged onto the computers and played a fractions game. The students competed against each other for the most correct answers. All of the students were involved and enjoyed a break from the everyday instruction.

Computers in the Classroom :: Technology School Essays

Computers in the Classroom Over the past decade the world has moved from a place with undersize digital technology to iodin where computers, video, and technology are used ordinary. The use of this technology can not be ignored even in the classroom. It is unaccepted to live in o9ur world today without exposure to computers. As teachers it is part of our jobs to expose students to using computers at an early age and to incorporate technology into our lessons. During the ticker school years using computers are a great way to get students excited about learning. It has even become mandatory as one of the NCTM (National Council for Teachers of Mathematics) standards. The technology principle states that technology helps students to fully understand mathematical concepts (Principles 25). They are great tools for any type of learner. The hands on experience helps the students to remember the concepts because they meet something visual to reference (impact). Th e NCTM standards states, Technology is essential in teaching and learning mathematics it influences the mathematics that is taught and enhances students learning (Principles 25). As suggested, technology should not replace the tralatitious teaching strategies, but rather enhance them (impact). Many of the students cognise how to use the computers for fun things such as talking to their friends, playing games, and surfing the internet. However, few students know that computers can be used for educational things both inside and outside of the classroom. In math there are many ways to use computers in the classroom. One way to use computers in the classroom is by using online math games and manipulatives to help teach and review. In the class I am working(a) with at Dunn Middle school they use games to help reinforce the lesson and to review for a test. During one review session before a test the students got into triplet groups one at each computer. They then logged onto the computers and played a fractions game. The students competed against each other for the most correct answers. All of the students were involved and enjoyed a break from the everyday instruction.

FIR Filter Design

The objective of this project is to use three diametric radiation pattern methods to design a low-pass separate that accomplishs specifications given, and then study these three different methods through different parameters. In this project, seven filters should be designed using Matlab. And we compare them on worst case gain, largest tap lading coefficient, supreme passband and stopband delusion, magnitude frequency response, impulse response, group mark and zeros/poles location. Finally, use these filters to do filtering, and then compare their responses to the predicted one.Discussion of Results partly 1 Window Method(a) Use fir1 function to synthesize an FIR that meets specifications using a boxcar window.Worst gain = 1.8372 Largest tap weight coefficient = 0.3694maximum passband misunderstanding = 0.1678 supreme stopband error = 0.0795(b) Use Hann window to synthesize an FIR that meets specifications.Worst gain = 1.4154 Largest tap weight coefficient = 0.3496Maxim al passband error = 0.0052 Maximal stopband error = 0.2385** leach 1 is the unwindowed design, and Filter 2 is the windowed design.From the parity above, we bear see that the unwindowed design has a more critical passband and stopband edge, but the windowed one has a little maximal passband error as we expected. Also, the windowed one has a larger fading on stopband than the unwindowed one. The group stay put responses of cardinal designs are the same.(c) Use Kaiser window to synthesize an FIR that meets specificationsWorst gain = 1.6900 Largest tap weight coefficient = 0.3500 N = 21 (which is in 20 in matlab)Maximal passband error = 0.0706 Maximal stopband error = 0.0852** Filter 1 is the unwindowed design, and Filter 2 is the kaiser design.From the coincidence above, we can see that both designs have critical passband and stopband edges, but the kaiser one has a smaller maximal passband error as we expected. Also, the kaiser one has a smaller attenuation on stopband compare with the unwindowed one. The group delay responses of two designs are different, the Kaiser one only has twentieth order, so the group delay is 10, not 11 as the unwindowed one.(d)The zeros of the three windowed designs** Filter 1 is the boxcar design, and Filter 2 is the Hann design, Filter 3 is the Kaiser design.From figure above, we can see that Hann design has a zero far from unit circle, which is corresponding to the slower attenuation compared to the other two designs. The zeros of boxcar design are similar to the Kaiser design. Part 2 LMS Method(a) Using Matlabs firls function to meet the pilot design specification.Worst gain = 1.5990 Largest tap weight coefficient = 0.3477Maximal passband error = 0.0403 Maximal stopband error = 0.1137** Filter 1 is the 2(a) design, and Filter 2 is the boxcar design.From the analogy above, we can see that the boxcar design has a more critical passband and stopband edge, but the LMS one has a smaller maximal passband error as we expected. A lso, the LMS one has a larger attenuation on stopband than the boxcar one. The group delay responses of two designs are the same.(b) Using Matlabs fircls1 function to meet the original design specification.Worst gain = 1.6771 Largest tap weight coefficient = 0.3464Maximal passband error = 0.0516 Maximal stopband error = 0.0782** Filter 1 is the 2(a) design, and Filter 2 is the 2(b) design.From the comparison above, we can see that the 2(b) design has a more critical passband and stopband edge, but the 2(a) one has a smaller maximal passband error. Also, the 2(a) one has a larger attenuation on stopband than the 2(b) one. The group delay responses of two designs are the same.(c)The zeros of the two LMS designs** Filter 1 is the 2(a) design, and Filter 2 is the 2(b) design.From figure above, we can see that 2(b) design has a zero far from unit circle, which is corresponding to the slower attenuation compared to the other design. The zeros around the unit circle are similar to each oth er. Part 3 Equiripple Method(a) Using Matlabs firgr function to meet the original design specification (uniform error weight)Worst gain = 1.6646 Largest tap weight coefficient = 0.3500Maximal passband error = 0.0538 Maximal stopband error = 0.0538** Filter 1 is the 3(a) design, and Filter 2 is the boxcar design.From the comparison above, we can see that the boxcar design has a more critical passband and stopband edge, but the 3(a) one has a smaller maximal passband error. Also, the boxcar one has a larger attenuation on stopband than the 3(a) one. The group delay responses of two designs are the same.(b) Using Matlabs firpm function to meet the original design specificationWorst gain = 1.6639 Largest tap weight coefficient = 0.3476Maximal passband error = 0.0638 Maximal stopband error = 0.0594** Filter 1 is the 3(a) design, and Filter 2 is the 3(b) design.From the comparison above, we can see that the 3(b) design has a more critical passband and stopband edge. And the stopband error is 0.0488 (which is consistent with 0.0538*(1-20%)=0.04304), the passband error is 0.0639 (which is consistent with 0.0538/(1-20%)=0.06725). The group delay responses of two designs are the same.(c) The zeros of the two equiripple designs** Filter 1 is the 3(a) design, and Filter 2 is the 3(b) design.From figure above, we can see that 3(a) design has a zero far from unit circle, which is corresponding to the slower attenuation compared to the other design (almost no attenuation on the figure shown ). There is only one zero stays outside the unit circle for 3(b) design, which is the token(prenominal) phase design. Part 4 Testing(a)Table the features for the 7 designed FIRsFeaturesFilter 1Filter 2Filter 3Filter 4Filter 5Filter 6Filter 7Maximum gain1.83721.41541.69001.59901.67711.66461.6639Maximum passband linear0.16780.00520.07060.04030.05160.05380.0638Maximum passband error(dB)-15.5052-45.7568-23.0266-27.8855-25.7472-25.3838-23.9007Maximum stopband linear0.07950.23850.08520.11370.0 7820.05380.0594Maximum stopband error(dB)-21.9886-12.4495-21.3913-18.8858-22.1339-25.3838-24.5274Group delay11111011111111Largest tap weight coefficient0.36940.34960.35000.34770.34640.35000.3476(b) From the figure followed, we can figure out that the group delay is 22-11=11 samples regardless of the input frequency.(c) Compare the original, mirror, and complement FIRs impulse, magnitude frequency, and group delay response**Filter 1 is the original filter, Filter 2 is the mirror filter, and Filter 3 is the complement filter.(d) Maximal output is 1.8372, which equals to the worst gain prediction of this filter. Part 5 Run- era Architecture(a) N = 8, M=1 N = 12, M=1 N = 16, M=1Round off errorN=8 N=12N=16From the comparison above, we can see clearly that as the value of N increases, the round-off error decreases.Bits of precision is N-1-1=N-2(b) Choose two 12-bit address space which has memory cycle time of 12 ns, so the maximum run-time filter speed is 1/ (12ns/cycle*16 bits) =1/ (192 ns/filter cycle) =5.21*106 filter cycles/sec Part 6 experiment(a) The maximal of the output time-series is 1.1341. It is reasonable, because it is smaller than the worst case gain which is 1.8372. So this agrees with the predicted filter response.(b) The chirp function makes a short, high-pitched sound, and it sounds four times, which is corresponding to the 4*fs. When all the .wav files are played, we can hear obviously that the frequency of output sound is much lower than the frequency of input sound, which means that the filter did filter high-frequency components out.From the figure above, we can see the high-frequency components are gone, which agrees with the predicted filter response, a low-pass filter.SummaryThrough this project, the detailed processes of designing a filter by three different methods have been understood. And we know more about all the parameters which would affect properties of the filters, and how to use different methods to design them and make best trade -off between each other.

Graded Assignment Essay

1. Three hypothesesecocide, rat outbreak, and climate changeare candidates as explanations of why the corporation of Easter Island collapsed. Explain each hypothesis, present at least one piece of evidence for each one, and state a lesson that each hypothesis contains for the instauration today. For each hypothesis, write one paragraph of at least four lines AnswerEcocide Hypothesis Humans used the resources irresponsibly and caused deforestation. Humans used the logs from the trees to impartation the big statues. People also used the trees to build shelter. The resources were used irresponsibly when they should have been used graciously.Rat Outbreak Rats were introduced to the environment and fed on the trees. The trees had spot marks on the bottom of the tree. Rats were brought over by ships. It wasnt an intentional introduction.Climate Change As the climate changed the Lakes were separated from the main body of water.(8 points)2. In a paragraph, describe the seven steps of the scientific method.AnswerYou must make an observation and ask a question or identify and coif a problem about that observation. then(prenominal) you make your hypothesis which is an if-then statement and then test the hypothesis by performing experiments or making observations. Then you have to organize and analyze your data. Finally you draw your conclusions and communicate your results.(7 points)3. Error in data analysis often occurs because the researcher has chosen an inappropriate smack for studya sample that does not correctly reflect the characteristics of the population or phenomenon as a whole. Name at least three polar causes of sampling error and state why each of them can produce invalid data.AnswerSize your sample must include enough size or bill of people or organisms. If you dont have enough samples then your data will be concluded with an insufficient amount of data.Bias If someone has a strong bias towards something then they may only use the data that suppor ts their views.Location of Sample If someone takes a sample in a location and then doesnt go to another location to take a sample then the data may be insufficient.

A Report On LVMH HR Policies Education Essay

Lvmh HR policies are in surplus of required and implement on the concern groups and companies. Through flexible regulation, it besides provides organisation. The map of incorporate HR is to normalise certain ways, to exemplify program and to give force to companies HR squads. In connexion with scheme, HR offers other than hardly of all eon oblige.An employee work reciprocally with the concern group which study to corporate central office. Approximately 55 to 60 % of advancements are controlled by companies, the else man senesced by the concern groups or corporate.There are four types of HR coachs at Lvmh. Subsequent the group s construction, they operate on four degrees corporate, regional, concern group and company degree. The helper HR Director or the individual moving as such, studies to the subordinate s President. The subordinate s HR Director gets recommendation and shore up from his company. The concern group s HR Director organizes his companies HR Directors through mon thly meetings. The intent of these meetings is to place vacant places throughout the universe and to analyze the contestation of possible campaigners for these places, between which are the Ready to Move. Lvmh has ready internal mobility both geographic and functional a footing of their human resources policy. This cross-fertilisation of experience inside their ecosystem under the consolidative umbrella of the group creates matchless cause of proficient and personal fulfillment.International mobility is indispensable portion of every prospective calling way. It targets to win temperamental directors many of them have far above the land cardinal practical go along. As an illustration the caput of HR using remember the eccentric of a Gallic insurance specializer in the manner concern unit who was sent to Romania to head a shoe mill. LVMH be on beaten(prenominal) footings with they could make with hazards to develop likely impending. It needs to set them in new fortunes to ass ist them develop new accomplishments and set up their bravery.Lvmh actively supports the professional development of its employees. The decentralised organisation of the Lvmh group encourages single enterprise. Half of Lvmh s senior executives and over 40 per cent of managerial staff are Gallic, whereas the Gallic taradiddle for 37 per cent of the group s planetary work force. HR needs to develop more planetary concern directors so they can be a portion of globalized top direction. Lvmh mobility procedure works on the web of HR squads who largely staffed with locals.Lvmh did non direct out any experts because non hold local gift. broadly speaking their experts fit two profiles those sent out by the corporate HQ to command its subordinates and protect its involvements and sent out to develop their accomplishments. To back up the multinational concern growing relocate is lifting. Though, it non means that increasing figure of Gallic exiles will coerce this disposition. Lvmh lake of planetary directors creates their order adverse in footings of deploying adept director to company s proclivity program or task given to that director.Lvmh did non pull experts by free them higher fringe benefits in footings of their degree. The group is actuate for cost effectivity. They know that a good bundle is indispensable, but that it non the chief encouragement to travel abroad. The primary balance-sheet move in the way of bundle is establish on the benchmark that proficient should neither lost nor turn from their reallocate. Lvmh s C & A B section has connected this draw near as a direct for it does remunerate bundle policy.Specific state based salary is evident for international mission. Salary will acquire hire during the item of mission. That is used as a vital for work out of societal security and pension payments. The mobility rewards are mean comparison to local labor foodstuff. Lvmh distinguishable two types of high potencies, HP1 and HP2 is an single likely to accomplish a top direction place such as member of Board commissions, Regional chairwoman or Subsidiary president. An HP2 is an employee probably to travel up one or two stairss in the hierarchy. For corporate HR this word picture of high sureness is excessively wide and is more relevant for level constructions. It is now sing contracting it. It would retain the definition of HP1 and include those who are considered to be experts in their field.Lvmh is giving specific undertaking or mission to the planetary director in their working content for specific period and give him or her unspoilt bureau to take determination for the company, besides they want to watch from this sort of freedom to make new or dare things.Undertaking 2To fit the planetary command of concern working form Lvmh has to deploy local people instead than experts from the Gallic, because they do non hold know the local civilization or local merchandise how they react in new or old section for their merchandis es or what is the tendency among them for Lvmh s merchandises. If they select local director with relevant expertness for their desire undertaking or purpose to accomplish. In this status they can acquire director with accomplishment which they want and besides acquire betterment from his cognition nearly their merchandise fiting the local public positions and if possible implement them for acquiring better consequences.For LVMH operates in all over universe so, they have to believe globally and move locally for their operations. For illustration they have decided same regulations and ordinances for the all employee universe broad like their rewards and benefits. In France they have decided to give 6500 per month wage to the planetary director for giving his or her services to the company as per same wage may non be pay in other classical like Asiatic states China or India. Populating criterion in all continents is unlike so, their policies should be different than headquarter a nd subordinate in footings of rewards.Lvmh has to take attention for the different civilization base for their scheme in HRM for illustration in Japan they can non deploy younger director on the employee who is senior in footings of age so him or her, because Nipponese have cultural usage that they respect elder individual and do non traverse their words of all time so, in that manner Lvmh has to be specific about cultural differences. Like in South East Asia India is a populated state and have more association base potency campaigners are available to fit their standards but they have to maintain in head that Indian civilization is a versatile and full of festivals. If they want to establish the new merchandise there they have to look frontward for the appropriate gay season for their merchandises and the director who familiar with the usage of this festival and achieve company s end. Before directing the planetary trough on his or her assignment they has to be given developing a bout linguistic discourse which is locally spoken over at that place and have good bid over at least 3 linguistic communications other so French.Looking frontward the HRM policies of Lvmh is to follow divergency in footings of local environment like in UK people like to imbibe Beer bandage in USA and France prefer to imbibe Wine. Such things keep in head and develop their program for act in a planetary market through their planetary directors who really implement their policies to their concern.Undertaking 3Lvmh has created his name in the planetary universe so they have to choose planetary linguistic communication like Good English talking individual because in the yesteryear they select staff from the France merely, they ca nt talk English fluently for that they have to larn English as a preparation and development undertaking which is programmed by HR section and educate them to cover in English at planetary degree.

Obstacles Older Adults Nutritional Food Health And Social Care Essay

As concluded by a reappraisal of the literature, the suit of hungriness and elderly grownups is drastically understudied. However, hungriness is an issue impacting the sometime(a) grownup Afro-american creation peculiarly in hapless, developing metropoliss such(prenominal) as Chester, Pennsylvania. The excogitation of this survey is to look into the barriers to alimentary security among the age behavior in this country and farther heighten the current explore the focal point giveing be on wish of mobility, socioeconomic position, and neediness of cognition on proper sustenance and where to approach fit food. The information leave behind be self-contained by a subjective question/answer study entitled folk fare danger Access Scale ( HFIAS ) . This study will be distributed to Afro-american grownups 65 and older manners in the Chester, PA country. The informations acquired from this survey will rest period the execution of future plans in articulate to give old er grownups in the Chester, PA country equalize entree to nutritionary nutrient.The upsets of turning old frequently make cardinal think of an addition in furrows, trouble with mobility, pay problems, worsening wellness, and loss of sight. However, a common happening non thought of when discoursing the predicaments of an older individual is hunger stabs the age often experience a deficiency of equal nutrition, trouble suffering repasts, jobs with mobility impacting trips to a food market shop, and a figure of otherwise factors impacting their entree to nutritionary nutrient. The combination of these factors make it highly hard for aged grownups, particularly those populating in ignored metropoliss exchangeable Chester, Pennsylvania, to achieve equal nutrient and nutrition in order to pull off a healthy life style. To do affairs more hard, the aged are frequently excessively proud to inquire for aid when it comes to any of the battles they face as a atom of the older exist ence, doing an inauspicious consequence on their wellness, wellbeing, and quality of life.The Current State of the ProblemThe continuity of hungriness in a development, hardworking state like the U.S. is the most profound contradiction of our age ( Cohen & A Reeves, 2005 ) . About 800 million in the underdeveloped universe, about 20 per centum of the entire community, are inveterate malnourished ( Cohen & A Reeves, 2005 ) . Research has as well shown that at least 2 billion people suffer from vitamin and mineral lacks ( Cohen & A Reeves, 2005 ) . The aged are a population enormously at hazard for this terrorization world.As the baby-boomer population is coming of age, there is a outcomeant rise in the Numberss of aged people in society ( Metz, 2000 ) . Research shows that people 65 and older represent 37 million people in the U.S. , about 12 per centum of the population at big. With such a representative per centum of Americans in this class, the troubles impacting their qu ality of life are of important importance. Quality of life in old age can frequently be affected by mobility, finance problems, unequal nutrition, sick wellness, and other troubles, although the relationship is non clear ( Metz, 2000 ) .Literature ReviewDiscussions of the older population normally focuses on the disablements that fall older grownups capableness to obtain nutrient and and/or prepare repasts ( Roe, 1990 ) . In a survey of hungriness and the aged, Schlenker ( 1984 ) concluded that deficiency of entree to cooking installations may explicate their report hungriness ( Roe, 1990 ) . Poverty has besides been identified as a finding factor of diet insufficiencies in the aged ( Roe, 1990 ) . Posner ( 1979 ) emphasized that those aged with really low incomes non merely hold less bullion to pass on nutrient, but they besides may hold more disablements that diminish nutrient entree than less destitute elderly, who have better wellness attention ( Roe, 1990 ) . These fa ctors have all been identified as critical determiners of hungriness and unequal entree to nutrient, yet no old surveies have determined which factors have a conjoining consequence, a more terrible impact, and how to repair these issues. The day of the months of these surveies, all before 1990 besides necessitate the demand for a more recent survey Governments and international and national bureaus implementing nutrient and nutrition plans need information on the population s nutrient jeopardy to inform determination devising, proctor alteration and measure impact ( FANTA, 2008 ) .The construct of mobility can hold an impact on many other countries of life, such as it does on adequate entree to nutrition. A seek survey to achieve more information in this country is necessitated peculiarly because by look intoing the loss of mobility with increasing age and the impact this has on accessing equal nutrition could heighten the quality of life for an older individual ( Metz, 2000 ) . Adequate nutrition and wellbeing are of import facets of remaining healthy, yet can go progressively hard with old age by searching the barriers forestalling good wellness and nutrition in old age, such as mobility, societal workers and research workers will break measure the demands of the aged population and how to supply good services.socioeconomic factors may besides foretell hungriness and subsequent ailment wellness ( Biros, Hoffman, & A Resch, 2008 ) . Surveies have shown and estimated household income to be a factor forestalling persons from accessing equal nutrition ( Olson, 1999 ) . It is to no surprise that those with a lower income experience hungriness at a higher(prenominal) spot this is due to the fact they can non afford proper nutritionary nutrient and settle for fast nutrient eating houses or frozen processed nutrient. The aged population is no different. As say above, this has an highly negative consequence on their wellness, all(prenominal) bit good as their emotional and mental wellbeing. The emphasis that can ensue due to the concerns and concerns an person of hapless socioeconomic position faces are a hapless influence on their mental, emotional, and physical wellbeing ( Biros, Hoffman, & A Resch, 2008 ) . A combination of these factors, every bit good as the deficiency of equal nutrition, can hold a long permanent negative impact on the wellness of an aged individual. Although m nonpareily is a major cause of nutrient risk, seniors sometimes have adequate money for nutrient but are non able to entree nutrient because of pass over or functional restrictions, or are non able to decently utilize nutrient because of functional damages and wellness jobs ( Wolfe, Frongillo & A Valois, 2010 ) .Although frequently hungriness in the U.S. is linked to poverty as a status reflecting unequal resources, it can besides be linked to miss of cognition about said resources. In a survey by Carlson, Andrews, and Bickel ( 1999 ) , an estim ated 11.9 % of U.S. families ( 35 million people ) were nutrient insecure. Among these, 4.1 % of families ( with 6.9 million grownups ) showed a repeating form of hungriness due to unequal resources for one or more of their grownup a sometime during the period ( Carlson, Andrews, & A Bickel, 1999 ) . Many older grownups remain uninformed about the utile beginnings that can suffice them discontinue their hungriness, and are hence uneducated about ways to achieve equal alimentary nutrient.Other effects of hapless nutritionary position entangle wellness, in the broadest sense of the word including societal and mental wellbeing every bit good as physical wellness and overall quality of life ( Olson, 1999, p. 521 ) . famish is associated with chronic hapless wellness and may coerce the aged to do picks that acutely impact their physical wellness and wellbeing ( Biros, Hoffman, & A Resch, 2008 ) . It is of import in societal work research to acknowledge how nutrient insecurity can impact wellness and overall quality of life either heterosexual person or indirectly with nutritionary position particularly in old age. The wellness effects of nutrient insecurity among the aged population present a potentially rich country for future, socially relevant research in the Fieldss of nutritionary scientific disciplines and geriatrics. The scaring hazard of hungriness can be associated with compromised psychosocial cognitive process and other refering emotional provinces ( Olson, 1999 ) these are factors of immense concern for persons stand foring at least 12 per centum of our state s population. This survey will find the preponderance of hungriness, the barriers forestalling this sensed hungriness, and its sensed wellness effects among the aged.As concluded by a reappraisal of the literature, and antecedently stated, the relationship between hungriness and older grownups is comparatively understudied. However, as illustrated, hunger is an issue impacting the older grownup population. Similarly, the aforesaid factors are issues blighting the lives of older grownups that can do it even more hard to lenify healthy and eat alimentary nutrients. It is necessary to look into more on this subject by planing a survey to farther heighten the current research in this country in order to assist the older, hungry population. The intent of this survey is to place what obstructions, if any, are forestalling older Afro-american grownups in the Chester, PA country from accomplishing equal nutritionary nutrient. This peculiar survey will concentrate on deficiency of mobility, socioeconomic position, and the absence of cognition on nutritionary beginnings of nutrient. The research inquiries will be Are there barriers forestalling older African American grownups from accessing equal nutrition? Make these barriers include small to no mobility, finance problems, and deficiency of cognition? What can we as research workers to make arrest and prevent this j ob for the hereafter? With the informations collected from the study, plans will be implemented to ease the distribution of nutritionary nutrient at bottom the country in an attempt to discontinue the bing job of hungriness in the older grownup population. In a exchangeable attempt, participants will have a press release on where to travel to acquire nutrient, consciousness on proper nutrition, and how to manage their fundss in order to properly supply for their households appetites.The DemographicsAlthough much of the research and information stated therefore far reflects the older population at a wide degree, the African American older grownups populating in Chester, Pennsylvania are no different, and may in fact experience all of these negative factors at a much higher degree. People 65 and older represent 11.8 per centum of the population in Chester, PA and 15.6 per centum of the Pennsylvania population at big harmonizing to the 2008 US census ( US Census ) . Furthermore, the lives of these older grownups are made more hard as Chester, Pennsylvania is a instead developing and unfortunate, neglected community. The average family income in this country is $ 33,365, which is significantly less than the mean Pennsylvania household income of $ 50,713 ( City-Data, 2008 ) . Residents with income below the poorness degree in 2008 was at an dismaying 27.2 per centum while the remainder of the province is at a much more stable per centum of 11 per centum ( City-Data, 2008 ) . The population in Chester, PA has 16.7 per centum of persons unemployed, a per centum much above province norm ( City-Data, 2008 ) . Similarly, the African American population per centum is significantly higher than province norm at 74.6 per centum ( City-Data, 2008 ) . In footings of nutrient environment statistics, the metropolis does non hold a food market shop within its metropolis bounds coercing occupants to go forth Chester to make their nutrient shopping. Furthermore, Chester is 84 on the list of Top 100 least-safe metropoliss in the U.S. ( City-Data, 2008 ) . The combination of these unwanted statistics paints a graphic image of the neglected community that is Chester, PA. As if older grownups do non hold adequate jobs impacting their entree to adequate nutrition, it is clear to see that the African American older grownup population in Chester, PA has significantly more factors blighting their wellness and nutrition.In a survey by Wolfe, Frongillo, and Valois ( 2010 ) , Afro-american seniors are one population in peculiar that suffers from nutrient insecurity. Many urban elder African Americans rely on borrowing money from friends, purchasing nutrient on recognition from local grocers, trusting on aid from close friends or household who were non ever able to supply the aid needed or do without. With the absolute majority of the Chester, PA population in this class, an outstanding 74.6 per centum ( City-Data, 2008 ) , the senior Afro-american grownups wh o suffer from hungriness in this country demand help achieving satiating, alimentary nutrient.It is cut short to acknowledge that adult females and kids are non the lone persons enduring from hungriness and malnutrition seniors are besides a group of greatest concern ( Wellman, Weddle, Kranz, & A Brain, 1997 ) . The high degree of malnutrition among America s older grownup is non merely unacceptable, but it is preventable ( Wellman et.al. , 1997 ) . It is necessary to increase public consciousness of the issue of hungriness and older grownups through this research survey in order to help older individuals in accessing equal nutrition. On a similar note, the fact that many of the surveies aforementioned in this literature reappraisal are dated by more than 5 old ages warrants a demand for this research survey. The intent of this survey is to look into the barriers to nutrient security among the aged life in this country and farther heighten the current research the focal point wi ll be on deficiency of mobility, socioeconomic position, and deficiency of cognition on proper nutrition and where to entree equal nutrient.RESEARCH QUESTIONWhat are the possible obstructions forestalling older grownups in the Chester country from having equal nutrient and nutrition?MEDTHODOLOGYSampling & A Recruitment ProceduresThe population in this research survey includes Afro-american older grownups age 65 and older residing in Chester, PA, non in a nursing place or other healthcare installation. The names of the persons will be acquired from the Delaware County Office of Services for the aging ( COSA ) . The sample will include both males and females in parts reflecting the current population s per centums since the sample is critical to external cogency the findings can so be generalized to the larger mark population. The choice procedure will be done indiscriminately the topics in the survey will be chosen at random from the population. Every 3rd individual s name on th e list of older Afro-american grownups in Delaware County from COSA will be selected to give the axe the study. The participants will finish a consent missive that assures they understand their namelessness and confidentiality will be ensured.Study DesignThis is an exploratory survey which will set forth the obstructions forestalling older grownups in the Chester country from having equal nutrient and nutrition. The information will be obtained from a assorted method cross-sectional attack. The participants will first off finish a self-report study, followed by a more prodding interview in order to derive more cognition on this subject. The study is the Household solid food hazard Access Scale ( HFIAS ) for Measurement of Food Access is obtained from the United States Agency for International Development ( USAID ) .Measurement/InstrumentationFor the intent of this survey, hungriness will be defined as holding limited or unsure handiness of nutritionally equal and safe nutrients or limited or unsure ability to get acceptable nutrients in socially acceptable ways ( Anderson, 1990, p. 1598 ) . Lack of mobility will include troubles traveling because of hapless articulations, arthritis, and other age-related troubles, every bit good as deficiency of a auto, or any other agencies of transit to the food market shop. Low fiscal position will be defined as the inability to decently supply alimentary nutrient, along with other necessities, for oneself and others in the place.The nutrient security study, Household Food Insecurity Access Scale ( HFIAS ) for Measurement of Food Access, will inquire each participant to self-report about their experiences and behaviours that indicate nutrient insecurity, such as being unable, at times, to afford balanced repasts, cutting the size of repasts because of excessively small money for nutrient, or being hungry because of excessively small money for nutrient ( Food and living Technical Assistance Project, FANTA, 2008 ) . The HFIAS is based on the 18-question U.S. Household Food Security Survey Module ( US HFSSM ) , which asks respondents to depict behaviours and attitudes that relate to the spheres , of the nutrient insecurity experience ( FANTA, 2008 ) . These spheres include 1 ) anxiousness and uncertainness about the family nutrient supple, 2 ) scant(predicate) quality ( includes assortment and penchants of the type of nutrient ) , and 3 ) insufficient nutrient consumption and its physical effects ( FANTA, 2008 ) . The inquiries are designed to be added to a standard baseline and concluding rating study. The consequences from old surveies empirical analyses showed the bulk of the graduated tables to hold good internal cogency for their informations sets. Similarly, the external proof consequences were consistent with our analysis outlooks, but as a following measure we urge that farther research be carried out to prove the external cogency of the index against extra indexs of nutrient in security and expected results of nutrient insecurity. The cogency was well-tried by proving the internal, cross-cultural and external cogency of the HFIAS utilizing empirical informations collected by authoritiess, international and national bureaus in a assortment of states and operational contexts ( FANTA, 2008 ) .Data assembly ProceduresThe study will be sent out, with anterior warning via a telephone call, to the person s house and if non completed within 30 yearss, will be followed up with another telephone call. The nutrient security position of the person will be assigned based on the figure of food-insecure conditions reported in each of the spheres included. A high mark of nutrient insecurity on this trial will justify an aid plan from the province or local authorities.Other informations will be collected by detecting lodging conditions when with the participant for the in the flesh interview station study.Restriction in that respect are a few possible failings and rest rictions of this survey. First, the step of a self-report study is merely every bit accurate as the participant allows it to be self-report steps make it easy to be unfaithful when replying inquiries on one s wonts and behaviours and this fact needs to be taken into consideration when analysing the consequences of this survey. In a similar manner, the aged is a population plagued with memory loss. The participants in this survey may non remember the information questioned precisely as it happened or describe the information right-hand(a) because of memory loss. The aged population besides experiences feelings of shame and embarrassment when describing they can non supply for themselves making the same consequence as the following two issues-inaccurate coverage. logical implication OF THE STUDYAs stated in the literature reappraisal, much of the bing research is really much so out-of-date. In an attempt to spread out upon the research and concentrate more on smaller populations wh ose hungriness is a concern, this survey will concentrate chiefly on the Afro-american older grownup population of Chester, PA. The survey is important because, as stated before, authoritiess and international and national bureaus implementing nutrient and nutrition plans need information on the population s nutrient insecurity to inform determination devising, proctor alteration and measure impact ( FANTA, 2008 ) . The deductions of these findings will help the older African American grownups in this country in achieving equal nutrition which will increase their quality of life and healthy wellbeing. The consequences of these findings will better the wellbeing of the current societal work patterns in this country by get downing groups, a societal service plan and other signifiers of societal work in general.MentionsBiros, M. H. , Hoffman, P. L. , & A Resch, K. ( 2008 ) . The Prevalence and Perceived Health Consequences of Hunger in Emergency Department Patient Populations. Offic ial Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, 12 ( 4 ) , 310-317.Carlson, S. J. , Andrews, M. S. , & A Bickel, G. W. ( 1999 ) . Measuring Food Insecurity and Hunger in the United States Development. The Journal of Nutrition, 99, 510-516.Chester, Pennsylvania ( PA 19013, 19016 ) profile population, maps, existent estate, norms, places, statistics, move, travel, occupations, infirmaries, schools, offense, traveling, houses, sex wrongdoers, intelligence, sex wrongdoers. ( n.d. ) . Stats about all US metropoliss existent estate, resettlement info, house monetary values, place value calculator, recent gross revenues, cost of life, offense, race, income, exposure, instruction, maps, conditions, houses, schools, vicinities, and more. Retrieved December 15, 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol //www.city-data.com/city/Chester-Pennsylvania.htmlCohen, M. J. , & A Reeves, D. ( 2005 ) . Causes of Hunger. International Food indemnity Research Institute, 19, 1-5.FANTA Publica tions on New Approaches for Measuring Household Food Insecurity and Poverty Adaptation of the US Household Food Security Scale to evolution Country Contexts 2004. ( n.d. ) . Welcome to FANTA-2 ( Food and Nutrition Technical Assistance II Project ) . Retrieved December 10, 2010, from hypertext transfer protocol //www.fantaproject.org/publications/hfias.shtmlKendall, A. , Olson, C. , & A Frongillo, E. ( 1996 ) . Relationship of Hunger and Food Insecurity to Food Availability and Consumption. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 96 ( 10 ) , 1019-1024.Metz, D. ( 2000 ) . Mobility of older people and their quality of life. Conveyance Policy, 7 ( 2 ) , 149-152.Olson, C. M. ( 1999 ) . Nutrition and Health Outcomes Associated with Food Insecurity. The Journal of Nutrition, 129 ( 2 ) , 521-524.Posner, B. M. ( 1979 ) . Nutrition and the aged. Lexington, MA Lexington Books.Roe, D. A. , & A Schlenker, E. ( 1984 ) . Food Choices of the Elderly. Drugs and nutrition in the geriatric pa tient ( pp. 27-46 ) . New York Churchill Livingstone.Roe, D. A. ( 1990 ) . In-Home Nutritional discernment of Inner-City Elderly1- . Journal of Nutrition, 90, 1538-1543.Wellman, N. S. , Weddle, D. O. , Kranz, S. , & A Brain, C. T. ( 1997 ) . Elder insecurities Poverty, hungriness, and malnutrition. American Dietetic Association. Journal of the American Dietetic Association , 97 ( 10 ) , 120-122.

Psychological Effects of Bisexuality

What is bi versedity? Synthesizing the predominant theories of bi cozyity, Smiley (1997) suggested the following definition Bisexuality is a sexual orientation in which an individual experiences a combination of sexual and affectional attractions to members of both sexes engages to varying degrees in sexual activities with both sexes and self-identifies as bisexual in a way that is consonant with personal, social, political, and life style preferences (Smiley, 375). Bisexual and the transgender mess are two less visible segments of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender community.According to the authoritative Kinsey Report, which compiles data on pitying sexuality, almost eight in 10 people have some characteristics of bisexuality, wherein an individual feels attracted to both sexes (Klien, 13). However, bisexuals have to confront non just the homophobia of the straight community, which brands them as promiscuous, even though most are in strictly monogamous relationships, t hey also face derision from the gay community, which considers them closet gays, hiding behind the lining of bisexuality because they are afraid to come out.Not surprisingly, therefore, that a recent study by the Australian National University found that bisexuals had the worst mental wellness on measures of anxiety, depression and suicidality (Hall, 28). Tommy (name changed) Hogan, who came to Los Angeles, California nearly two years ago for graduate studies in Health Administration and works for Watts Health Foundation, says in adolescence he found himself world attracted to both boys and girls.In the gender-segregated society we lived in, opportunities for fooling around were much more readily available with peers of the same sex. I thought e genuinelyone in my carousel was like me. So when I came to the Los Angeles it was very surprising to find that there were some individuals who were not attracted to men and others who were not attracted to women (T. Hogan, personal commun ication, October 26, 2002). He wouldnt say he was gay. He would only say that he was sleeping with other men.He liked to call it M-S-M, men sleeping with men, you know, Brothers on the downhearted low. I called it cosmos a bisexual. The first thing that Tommy made clear to me is that bisexuality does not describe one sort of behavior, just rather a whole swan of behaviors and lifestyles. Talking openly about sexual orientation within as private a community as the African American community is something that is not often done. Tommy revealed his disappointment at the communitys lack of eat upance of non-traditional lifestyles.According to a generally agreed upon definition, it isnt necessary for a person to be equally attracted to men and women and to be involved in multiple relationships, to be bisexual. In fact, a person can be celibate and still be bisexual. Its all a matter of whom he or she finds attractive and how he or she identifies himself or herself. There is no behavi oral test to determine whether or not one is bisexual. Bisexuals come in all shapes and sizes, from all occupations, and with all levels of educational, racial and cultural background.When Tommy told his father of his attraction to both men and women, his father manifestly said that though these desires were natural and most people had them, eventually he expects Tommy to get married and have a family. Even though his message was that it was pet to get married to a woman, I was struck by his statement that same-sex feelings were natural, and by the fact that he didnt put same-sex desire down by trade it a perversion or sin (T. Hogan, personal communication, October 26, 2002).Hogan says, People have this misconception that bisexuals are promiscuous. I have been in strictly monogamous relationships and most of us are perfectly content with that. If people have made up their mind something is abnormal they can come up with as many reasons as to why it is so, and if there are people who think otherwise, they too can come up with a variety of reasons to prove their point. Why cant we approach this from a humanistic viewpoint that people have the right to love whomsoever they want to, as long as it is consensual? Tommy is very content with the bisexual lifestyle he is living. He seems to not know whether or not he will always be this way. I got a sense from our interview that he wasnt happy being this way. He begin the express the importance of how being very religious he could not live this type of lifestyle. I would have to agree that the Bible does speak against any type of homosexual behavior. Tommy and I have discussed this issue on more than one occasion. He seems to be confused as to what he really wants.It is a battle for him to be with a woman and be attracted to a man that is in the same company. Tommy at the present lives by himself so he doesnt feel as if there are any rules he has to live with. He currently resides in the Hollywood area. He is comfor table living this lifestyle and his community contributes to this. Tommy has many friends and he also dates several women. Many individuals do not know that he is bisexual. Individuals might suspect that Tommy is bisexual but they have no confirmation.I am a close friend to Tommy and I actually have had the joyfulness of knowing him for two years. I also might add that I have been attracted to Tommy for these two years and have dated him. I do accept his lifestyle as being bisexual because I care about him. But, I choose not to be in a relationship with Tommy because I do not want to risk my life or my health. We have an open and honest relationship so he understands that I have feelings for him but I in know way want to proceed with a relationship.But, if he chooses not to participate in this lifestyle in the future I just might end up being with him. But as one of his friends along with the others, he is accepted and is treated no differently than the beside person. Tommy always feels comfortable in talking with me about his sexuality. He seems to be at this point in his life trying to deal with issues in the late(prenominal) that he feels might have led him to being attracted to both women and men. He has never mentioned to me about anything that stemmed from his past that might have triggered this imbalance in sexuality.I personally accept anyone who chooses to live a gay, lesbian or bisexual lifestyle. However, I do not condone dishonesty in sexual relationships with partners who have no knowledge of each others sexuality. It is really hard to discuss the responses of others, many individuals just do not know. Tommy is a very nice looking young man and is very professional and classy. He has all the traits that women are seeking in this young adult age. I regard that if women knew of his lifestyle as a bisexual they might not be as interested in him as before.As I mentioned many people question his sexuality but he has encountered no prejudice against him in that regard. Tommy indicates that it wasnt until he came to Los Angeles that he decided to practice his lifestyle as a bisexual. Los Angeles makes it a lot easier to be bisexual, gay or a lesbian and be accepted in society. He feels most comfortable here and being able to go out in public with another man. He felt as though when he lived with his family he could not practice bisexuality. He never carried out sexual relationships with men until he came to Los Angeles.The sexuality of Black males as well as females is enmeshed with racial stereotyping thus the issues of gays and bisexual blacks is a particularly sensitive one so far as the Black community is concerned. The notion is that bisexuals are confused, promiscuous and greedy. To me promiscuity is really an oxymoron. Its down to the individual needs and requirement of that person. I will never have an issue with anyone who chooses to be bisexual but in these days it is just unprotected to be with someone who is bisexu al because AIDS is so prevalent and many individuals are just not honest with their sexual orientation.

Historical Foundations of the United States Constitution Essay

The fall in States Constitution is an extremely valuable muniment .The constitution assisted in creating our modern day United States The constitution assisted in establishing our ecesis giving inhabitants privileges and liberty. The Constitution was put in place to give citizens a voice on how the country should be run and to establish laws and principles. There were five manuscripts that were genuinely important in establishing the constitution, (A)The Magna Carta,1215 (B) The trailing arbutus Compact 1620, (c) The Declaration of liberty 1776, and (D) The Articles of confederation 1777 and (E) The Federalists cover 1787-1788. The first muniment was the Magna Carta.The Magna Carta of 1215 was an English Contract whose sole reason was to create boundaries for administrative power. The significant charter was thought to be one of the most significant manuscripts in the found of equality. The Magna Carta had a profound impact that is plainly observed in the governments bill of rights and our Constitution. This charter believed that a person was not guilty until the attest proved that they were guilty. The Magna Carta also stated that a person should confirm knowledge about the accusations that is placed on them additional beliefs were people will have the entitlements to have the ruling of their peers prior to sentencing and the entitlements to have a lawyer speak on their behalf. The Magna Carta was written to make sure everyone had equal rights.The next on record was the Mayflower Compact of 1620. The Mayflower Compact was created and autographed on November 11, 1620. The Mayflower compact was created because when the settlers came to what was called the new world they did not have and guidelines or rules to go by the trailing arbutus compact was put in place while awaiting legitimate political science was created. This record was the basis of the united .States Constitution, for the reason that it was the number one form of administration in the uni ted .States .territory. The mayflower compact gave the settlers entitlements, but was governed by the king of England. This type of administration was short lived. The third document was the Declaration of Independence of 1776.This very important manuscript was created to detach the settlements from the country of England. The Declaration of Independence contained five sections the statement of human rights, charges against the ruler and assembly, the preamble, charges against human rights and the statement of separation and signatures. The Declaration of Independence gave the settlements self-government. The Declaration of Independence stated that the settlers had life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness and that all men were created equal. This is inscribed in the constitution. This is the foundation of our present day government.The fourth document is the Articles of Confederation of 1781. The settlements were now federations and they were approved. In the Articles of Confeder ation there are three branches of government, the judicial, the legislative and the executive branch. The judicial branch gives congress important responsibility to check the form and construction of the federal judiciary. The Legislative branch contains the House of Representatives and the senate which shaped congress. The executive branch contains the president of the United States and performs as the head of state. Although the administration was expert starting to work they were still frail. This caused the government to start over and re- created the Articles of Confederation which became our Constitution. The Articles of Confederation was a very important part of our constitution.The last document is the Federalists Papers of 1787-1788. These papers were created to encourage electorates to approve the constitution. There are about 85 papers that will clarify in part the way our latest administration should precede and the reason why the people should elect to have it. It was unsure who created the federalist Papers but it was believed that John Jay, Alexander Hamilton and James Madison provided the majority of the essays. In order to comprehend the constitution it is a good idea to read these essays first.In conclusion In order to learn how our United States Constitution was born(p) it is a good idea to read these five documents. This will open a window on the reason why the constitution was created and how it was created. This will say how the modern day government was created. These documents did not have large parts in how the constitution became the constitution. If we did not have these individual documents are country may not have equality or we may not be able to voice our own opinions.

The Great Recession of 2008

An economy which grows over a period of time tends to averse down the growth as a part of the normal economic cycle. An economy typically expands for 6-10 years and tends to go into a recession for about six-spot months to 2 years. A recession normally takes place when consumers lose confidence in the growth of the economy and spend less. This leads to a decreased demand for goods and services, which in turn leads to a decrease in production, lay-offs and a sourish rise in un conflict. Investors spend less as they fear stocks values will beam and thus stock markets fall on negative sentiment.The economy and the stock market are closely related. The stock markets reflect the buoyancy of the economy. In the US, a recession is yet to be declared by the Bureau of Economic Analysis, but investors are a worried lot. The Indian stock markets alike crashed out-of-pocket to a slowdown in the US economy. The Sensex crashed by nearly 13 per cent in just two trading sessions in January. Th e markets bounced back after the US Fed cut interest rates. However, stock prices are now at a low ebb in India with little cheer approach path to investors.The defaults on sub-prime mortgages (homeloan defaults) ready led to a major crisis in the US. Sub-prime is a high risk debt offered to people with poor credit worthiness or volcanic incomes. Major banks have landed in trouble after people could not pay back loans (See Subprime pain Who lost how much) The housing market soared on the back of easy availability of loans. The realty sector boomed but could not sustain the momentum for long, and it collapsed under the gargantuan weight of crippling loan defaults. Foreclosures pass out like wildfire putting the US economy on shaky ground.This, coupled with rising oil prices at $100 a barrel, slowed down the growth of the economy. appraise cuts are the first step that a regime fighting recessionary trends or a full-fledged recession proposes to do. In the current case, the Bush government has proposed a $150-billion bailout package in tax cuts. The government also hikes its spending to create more jobs and boost the manufacturing and services sectors and to prop up the economy. The government also takes steps to help the private sector come out of the crisis.The US economy has suffered 10 recessions since the end of World War II. The Great Depression in the United was an economic slowdown, from 1930 to 1939. It was a decade of high unemployment, low profits, low prices of goods, and high poverty. The trade market was brought to a standstill, which consequently affected the world markets in the 1930s. Industries that suffered the most included agriculture, mining, and logging. In 1937, the American economy unexpectedly fell, lasting through most of 1938. Production declined sharply, as did profits and employment.Unemployment jumped from 14. 3 per cent in 1937 to 19. 0 per cent in 1938. The US saw a recession during 1982-83 due to a tight monetary policy to control inflation and sharp correction to overproduction of the previous decade. This was followed by Black Monday in October 1987, when a stock market collapse saw the Dow Jones Industrial Average plunge by 22. 6 per cent affecting the lives of millions of Americans. The US saw one of its biggest recessions in 2001, ending ten years of growth, the longest expansion on record.From March to November 2001, employment dropped by almost 1. 7 million. In the 1990-91 recession, the GDP fell 1. 5 per cent from its peak in the second quarter of 1990. The 2001 recession saw a 0. 6 per cent decline from the peak in the fourth quarter of 2000. The dot-com burst have-to doe with the US economy and many developing countries as well. The economy also suffered after the 9/11 attacks. In 2001, investors wealth dwindled as technology stock prices crashed. Indian companies have major outsourcing deals from the US.Indias exports to the US have also grown substantially over the years. The India econom y is likely to lose between 1 to 2 percentage points in GDP growth in the next fiscal year. Indian companies with big tickets deals in the US would see their profit margins shrinking. The worries for exporters will grow as rupee strengthens further against the dollar. But experts argumentation that the long-term prospects for India are stable. A weak dollar could bring more foreign money to Indian markets. Oil may get cheaper brining down inflation.A recession could bring down oil prices to $70. Between January 2001 and December 2002, the Dow Jones Industrial Average went down by 22. 7 per cent, while the Sensex fell by 14. 6 per cent. If the fall from the record highs reached is taken, the DJIA was down 30 per cent in December 2002 from the highs it hit in January 2000. In contrast, the Sensex was down 45 per cent. The whole of Asia would be hit by a recession as it depends on the US economy. Asia is yet to totally decouple itself (or be independent) from the rest of the world, sa y experts.

Crime and Its Relation to Poverty

Haime Hurrissa 04th 03 13 Dr. Lydia Balderamos Loskot English Composition (ENGL 101) Does Poverty defecate a direct human relationship to offensive? Poverty is specify by the Webster dictionary as the state of one who lacks a usual or soci eithery acceptable amount of money or material possessions. Poverty is the root causality for spikes in criminal activities in Belize, due to crime, lack of education and drugs. M any(prenominal) argue that poverty does not have a relationship to crime because there ar countries where poverty levels are high plainly crime is relatively low.Belize has been infested with an extravasation of crime and violence affecting the country by bringing fear into both tourists and us Belizean right off it appeared to be at its peak last year. The grounds for the infestation of the criminals are many but the psyche and most evident of them all would be the increasing rate of poverty that Belize has been experiencing, In addition to this would be th e high rate of unemployment that exists in our order brought about by lack of education. This causes some singles to see no other means to survival but to resort to their last alternative, crime.Some may argue that the cause for crime is due to psychology of criminals, their mental state or drugs. Crime in its simplest term is defines as any act that defies constitutional law and is separated into two main categories a minor offence which as referred to as misdemeanors and serious acts which as referred to as felonies. A crime can range from simple offences such(prenominal) as public drinking to murder which is considered to be one of the most serious of crimes which claimed one coulomb and twelve (112) lives in 2011 according to the annual police release statistics report.It is important to note that not all crime is related to poverty, although there are many who see crime as a means of survival. There are others who indulge in criminal acts simply for fun and pleasere, such as members of colouration gangs, mainly Crips represented by the color blue and Bloods represented by the color red, which are establish on American color gangs. These gangs choose to live a life of crime and violence for individualized pleasure. Unfortunately young Belizeans, mainly, teenagers account for most f the criminal acts that occur in Belize. The primary reason that should be taken into consideration is poor home conditions and lack of education, which plays a major part in the cause of young criminals because many of these young men mostly, come from homes where resources are very limited and their parents may take little or no responsibility for them. Many of them on the other hand are dropouts or those who cannot afford the cost of education, which results in them finding unconstructive things to do with their time. Idle time is the devils playground and idle hands are the devils workshop, are both phrases I heard many times by my elders while growing up, and are wo rds which I believe to be very true, peculiarly in the case of those facing poverty. They are the ones facing the cold heart of todays society and in order to survive they resort to crimes and violence as a mean to survive. A project can seem to be one of the hardest things to find and even when a job is found the present is not always sustainable, especially for those without a proper education for example a primary naturalise degree worker earns the minimum wage in Belize which is little above 3. 0 Bz$ per hour. The uses of both wakeless and illegal drugs often contribute to crime and ultimately poverty. In Belize where the legal age for drinking alcoholic drink and smoking tobacco is eighteen, there are many who indulge in these activities from a much younger age due to lack of implementation of stores who sell these drugs to underage people. Drugs affect the psychological aspect of a person and in the case of certain drugs the way how an individual thinks. Over the past t wo years, personally I witnessed firsthand underage individual who due to intoxication from drugs and alcohol, commit serious crimes such as theft and attempted murder.People affected by poverty often resort to the use of drugs such as alcohol, tobacco and marijuana which are the most accessible of all drugs in Belize. I asked the question wherefore do you drink alcohol and smoke cigarettes excessively, to a man I know who faces poverty occasional from my village, he answered that life for him is extremely hard and be he uses those drugs as a way to fill out with his daily struggles. Drugs are substances that cause young people to get bonded, and that bond often times cause them to do whatever it takes, which in some cases are criminal activities to supply themselves with the drugs they desire.Getting out of poverty should and so be rivet on the aspects that not only deal with the economy and getting people jobs, but the root causes of crime in our country which are mainly dru gs, lack of education and crime. Prisons should be focused on and the rehabilitation process should be altered to create a more positive individual by providing them with education and trade skills before placing them back into society, as opposed to our present system we have in place which just has them serving their time and then release them into the same situations which got them there in the first place and causes a never ending cycle.With that said the root factors that contribute to this devastating difficulty in society should be improved so that not only our present but also our future generations have a brighter future. Refrence Webster, Merriam. Poverty Crime Web. 1 Mar. 2013. Centaur Cable Network, CTV3 Belize News. 2011 Crime Statistics. Web. 1 Mar. 2013.

Digital Media And Democracy Tactic

novelty nowadays was at hand in different facet of our lives. Same with the instance in the case of media practices, every nonpareil has the right to participate in this free trade of information. The query if this alteration in media asshole be utilized in forming social movements was at hand. Taking this into account, clearly we freighter say that new technologies give notice take us to another level. It is so powerful that it can contribute to the knowledge that we possess and it can even mold us to be well-nighone we dream of becoming.Technologies absolutely provide us with split up of aw atomic number 18ness and new ideas, technology is offering us new standards, platforms and ways of expression (Boler). In the reference with Boler, interesting topic that unravels the layers of expression through the use of technologies, communicateging is one of the concepts that have been touch. Indeed, it connotes a new dust of negating with other people. Of course there are a certa in restrictions in making a blog for instance, but the focal point of everything is simply going deep with the material and exploring the new concept of technology, this is what can make us truly express our emotions.Using this medium we would be able to have a cargo area towards the different phenomenon in our realm. Globalization has a lot to do with the fuzz about the internet. Practically, the emerging technique of using the internet was said to expand the horizon of an individual. On the contrary, the effects of such was claimed by some to be alarming since it dominates liberalization and granting immunity of speech, internets material properties are biased towards openness, liberalization, democracy, freedom of speech and communication (Boler). Censorship on matters of exceeding within the limits of exhausting the internet should be inflicted.People who are engage in using the system should know the proper utilization. We know how powerful our new systems could get off and we can never deny the fact that the improper use of such could result into a salutary matter of politics. Anything that is set to contain in any sites should be filtered in any way to sum up the sensitivity of everyone. This extraordinary issue of technological upgrading should not be exploited to serve only one purpose it is ultimately design for the common good and for the sake of everyone else.

Enlightened Philosophers Essay

John hushe, Baron de Montesquieu, Voltaire, and denim Jacques Rousseau were in all enlightenment philosophers. Each of these men had a particular keep an eye on of judicature, society, and its citizens and they were all passionate more or less their works. Locke (1632- 1704) was an face philosopher, his ideas had a great impact on the development of political philosophy and he is widely regarded as one of the most influential enlightenment thinkers. Montesquieu (1689- 1755) believed that all things were made up of laws that never changed. His most famed work, The Spirit of Laws, outlined his ideas on how authorities would work best.Voltaire (1694- 1778) was a poet, an essayist, playwright, historian, and above all, a critic of society. He was a great crusader for liberty and was twice imprisoned for his writings. Rousseau (1712-1778) generally recycled older enlightenment ideas scarcely is well known for his passionate rhetoric, which enflamed a generation and beyond. John L ockes view of government was that it was better to cook one. The mint may install their trust in the government so that in turn, the government may trust the mickle and protect their rights.The reason why men choose and give force play to lawmakers is that in that respect may be made, and rules set, as guards and fences The masses are right in try oning to put the laws in the hands of the government which forget protect their rights. (Excerpt from Lockes Two Treatises with Government) . Within the government, there were societies. Lock felt that the people needed/ wanted a government to protect their rights. They dont, however, want to be victims of power smear by the government. The reason why men enter into society is to preserve their property.(Two Treatises with Government) . e rattling society is made up of citizens he believed that People (lawmakers) will inevitably abuse their power at any(prenominal) point. When this happens, people should harbour the right to break free from the government. When lawmakers abuse absolute power and try to take a path and destroy the property of the people The people are then freed from any advance obedience to lawmakers (Two Treatises with Government) . If Locke were alive during the Renaissance period, his views may have shifted.Lock may have been less forward close his reasons why men enter into a society. The renaissance was a time of relaxation and prosperity. Humanism, self awareness, art, and science were a big deal and his view of people and their state in temper may have changed because people were thin fairy differently during those times. During the Protestant Reformation, times were also different and his feeling may have altered again. Locke may have not cared about the people as often because he was too busy criticizing the government/ churches.The Protestant Reformation was a time where people were very critical of the churches because they abused their power which is one of Lockes ph ilosophies people want to be protected by the government, not abused. During the Scientific Revolution, however, people were big on science and the people not so some(prenominal) the churches/ government so Lockes view may have changed again. He likely would feel the kindred way about the government but less harsh about the people. As times change, so do peoples opinions. Baron de Montesquieu believed in a government slightly different than Lockes.Montesquieu still believed in a central government but he thought that laws should be specific to different parts of the universe where as different law may have to be enforced in different places. In his most famous work, The Spirit of Laws, Montesquieu says Lawsshould be adapted for the people for whom they are framedthey should be carnal knowledge to the climate of from each one country, to the quality of its soil Montesquieus view of society, however, differed very much from Lockes. Montesquieu felt that people become intoxicate d on power when they have enough of it and they couldnt handle having more than the person next to them.Political liberty can only be found in moderate governments when there is no abuse of power. (The Spirit of Laws) Montesquieu feels the same way about individual citizens as he does about the general society. People al slipway abuse their powers. No matter how small the amount they have, they will charge their credibility to the edge. Constant experience shows us that every man invested with power is apt to abuse it and ask it as far as it will go. (The Spirit of Laws) . As the renaissance came around, Montesquieu would definitely not have had such a bad opinion of man.As previously mentioned, the renaissance was a time for prosperity and there was a focus on humanism. Montesquieu believed that men will abuse any power that they are given but during the renaissance, people were much different. As for the Protestant Reformation, Montesquieu would probably feel the same way as his original philosophy. Nobody care each other during the Protestant Reformation but the liked the government/ churches even out less. Theres no doubt that people would abuse their power and the government should be split in 3 sections.However, during the Scientific Revolution, Montesquieu would feel the same about the people and probably would view the government the same way. During the Scientific Revolution, people were recovering from the Protestant Reformation but it was the abuse of power that put them there in the first place and they needed a stable government. Jean Jacques Rousseau was similar to Locke in his belief of a government. Rousseau believes that government is necessary for stability but only to an extent. If the king/ government should go against the people, they have a right to demand their granting immunity.No one not even a king has the right to go against the community as a whole. If a ruler was unequivocal and went against the will of the people the so cial contract is broken and the people had a right to demand their freedom (The Social Contract). Rousseaus view of society was also good in that he did not knock anything he merely made the observation that in a society, people all have to stop by all the same rules because this keeps them at bay. The essence of the social contract can be state simply each individual surrenders all his rights to the community (The Social Contract). Rousseaus view of citizens basically adds onto his view of how they react in society. He believes that people want to live amongst each other in counterinsurgency they want to be protected and live by certain guidelines to ensure prosperity. During the Protestant Reformation, Rousseaus ideas would have changed drastically. People were definitely not upkeep in peace and the government/churches were what got them into a mess in the first place. During the Protestant Reformation people were basically at war with the church and anyone who disagreed with their opinion.During the Scientific Revolution, people need a stable government because of what happened during the Protestant Reformation. However, people also wanted to live in peace with the government and their neighbors and whoever else. Rousseau would have felt the same about the government and about how people were living their lives during the Scientific Revolution as he would have from his original philosophy. Voltaire does not seem to care much for the government, He was a great crusader for liberty and was twice imprisoned for his writings. His view of society was that people should be accepting and understanding of each other when people do not accept each other and their ways of thinking, nothing good will come of it. Tolerance has never brought about elegant war. Intolerance has covered the earth with destruction (A Treatise on Toleration). When it comes to individuals, Voltaire is lighter with his words he doesnt penalize them for his distaste in the government. Vo ltaire believed that people should have certain unalienable rights that cannot be revoked unless they are causing some sort of a public disturbance.Each person must be permitted to believe and to think that which he rightly believes in. Each person should be able to speak freely as long as it does not disturb the public order. Each person must be able to freely work out any religion which he believes in (A Treatise on Toleration). Voltaire would have the same feelings about the government and about the people during the Protestant Reformation. It was a time when nobody liked the government/ churches and the people wanted their rights because they were losing doctrine in religion.During the Scientific Revolution people wanted their rights because they werent big on religion anymore, so, Voltaire probably would have felt the same way as his original writings. In conclusion, each philosopher had their own ideas and ways of thinking about the government, different societies, and its citizens. Each man may have also been influenced differently by the Renaissance, Protestant Reformation, or the Scientific Revolution. These enlightenment philosophers have left their mark on history and will always be remembered as influential figures.

Nicholas Carr vs Steven Pinker Essay

in that location is no doubt about it that in todays multiplication the net income is hotshot of the beat phenomenal creations invented. By simply having a computer, cell phone, tablet, ect, anyone and everyone spate access the Internet. But can this decent yet simple creation have a drastic effect on how the new generation operates today? The entire world is rapidly becoming obsessed everywhere you look youre margin to see nearthing related to the Internet. Search engines, texting, twittering, blogging to name a few.We have all heard of at to the lowest degree one of those internet friendly applications. But can those applications plough too friendly to the point where they ar a distraction to the young mind? Can those applications hinder how the human brain functions? There be numerous arguments, views and statements regarding such an important question. Two writers that I researched share their opinions and views based off of how the internet has modify another(pren ominal)s intelligence today. These two writers go by the name of Nicholas Carr and Steven Pinker.Without having any knowledge of what the words are about one only needs to read there titles to distinguish the differences between the two. Where as Nicholas Carrs article is titled, Does the Internet Make You Dumber? Steven Pinkers article is titled, Mind over Mass Media. Both writers have completely antithetical types of titles but one can assume that they are responding to the same subject. After thoroughly reading both articles, Nicholas Carr and Steven Pinker have completely different views when it comes down to how the internet influences others.Firstly, Nicholas Carr addresses heavily how in fact the internet does pull ahead you dumber. All throughout the article he gives examples of studies aimed at showing how the internet doesnt positively tin to the brain at all. As stated from the article Nicholas Carr explains how People who read text studded with links, get the pictu re less than those who read traditional linear text. How, people who watch busy multimedia presentation concoct less than those who take in information in a much sedate and focused stylus.All of which are pretty apparent that the effect that the internet has on the mind is quite drastic. On the other hand, Steven Pinkers article strongly disagrees at the fact that the internet affects the human brain. His defensive points mainly explain how without the internet a lot of today discoveries and new inventions wouldnt be possible. Also he defends the fact that distraction or addiction is not a new phenomenon. Regardless of whether the internet is a popular utility or not, distraction would still be an occurring issue.It is quoted If electronic media were hazardous to intelligence, the quality of skill would be plummeting. Also, Yes the constant arrival of information packets can be distracting or addictive, especially to people with charge deficit disorder. But distraction is not a new phenomenon. The solution is not to bemoan engineering science but to develop strategies of egotism-control as we do with every other temptation in life. Steven Pinker is trying to get the reader to understand that the internet doesnt essentially make you dumber but it does hinge at ones attention span.Outside of the internet distractions are common everywhere. One can become distracted by their job, parents, work, internet, ect. Because of these interruptions Steven Pinkers makes it known that all distractions require self-control. If one doesnt have self control over an issue they will become addicted. Lastly my research wasnt over. It wouldnt be right if I didnt get a third opinion to help provide some extra study. A third writer that I came across was a woman named Sherry Turkle.Sherry Turkle has written a popular novel titled Alone Together. In the novel Alone Together write Sherry Turkle explains a third completely different concern on how technology affects the ave rage American. This concern is in regards to how individuals will end up alone together because technology has distanced face to face relationships. That society expects more from technology and less from each other. Over the years Sherry Turkle has examined how technology has jeopardized the true meaning of hands on communication.Although she does not mention how the internet may interfere with learning or brain capabilities she does still presents other exceptionally important factors. In conclusion, in comparison of the two primary articles that I researched I would in conclusion have to agree with the Nicholas Carr piece. I feel as if the Nicholas Carr piece will convince more people. His article compared to Steven Pinkers has a lot of legitimate studies and facts.His studies included one conducted at Cornell University, where they conducted the laptop experience, which compared the effect of students who canvass utilizing the traditional method of the depository library and t hose who studied using the laptop for research, with the conclusion that those who studied using the library grades were higher studies from Stanford where they conducted a multi-tasking trial, also, studies from the University of California in San Francisco where they conducted a brain experiment.Where, Steven Pinkers article comes off as an opinion piece with little to no background information or supporting references. I would motivation to believe that the mind is in fact over mass media but Steven Pinkers article doesnt defend his title strongly at all. Thus, leaving me with the conclusion that the internet is a major distraction, can hinder how I use my brain properly, and can jeopardize my in person communication skills that I have available.